西使兼送孟学士南游
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唐代]：卢照邻
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地道巴陵北，天山弱水东。相看万馀里，共倚一征蓬。
零雨悲王粲，清尊别孔融。裴回闻夜鹤，怅望待秋鸿。
骨肉胡秦外，风尘关塞中。唯馀剑锋在，耿耿气成虹。
西使兼送孟学士南游鉴赏
此诗是初唐五言排律中的佼佼者，素来被诗论家所称道。明人胡应麟在《诗薮》中说：“凡排律起句，极宜冠裳雄浑，不得作小家语。唐人可法者，卢照邻：‘地道巴陵北，天山弱水东。’骆宾王：‘二庭归望断，万里客心愁。’杜审言：‘六位乾坤动，三微历数迁。’沈佺期：‘阊阖连云起，岩郎拂露开。’此类最为得体。”清人沈德潜在《唐诗别裁》中也评论说：“前人但赏其起语雄浑，须看一气承接，不平实，不板滞。后太白每有此种格法。”从这些评语里足以看出这首诗对当时诗坛和盛唐诗人的重要影响。
卢照邻在《释疾文》中写道：“是时也天子按剑，方有事于八荒，驾风轮而梁弱水，飞日驭而苑扶桑。戈船万计兮连属，铁骑千群兮启行。文臣鼠窜，猛士鹰扬。故吾甘栖栖以赴蜀，分默默以从梁。可见卢照邻是在一种极复杂、极矛盾的心境中离开长安的。他甘心赴蜀，是出于无奈躲避的考虑的。因此诗的第五、六两句写道：“零雨悲王粲，清尊别孔融。”这实际上是把王粲比作己，把孔融比作友人，赞扬了孟学士刚直的品格。言外之意是说自己西去有王粲避难荆州之悲，而孟学士南游有孔融赋闲之叹。两句诗紧扣题目，抒写自己西使和送别友人的心情，愤世嫉俗、抑郁不平之气流露于字里行间。
诗的起句点明两人分别要到之处，孟学士要到巴陵郡，诗人要到巴蜀地。“相看万里余，共倚一征蓬”，他们所去的地方都有万里之遥，此次分别每人都像飞蓬一样行踪不定。“徘徊闻夜鹤，怅望待秋鸿”，是设想和朋友分别后，思念难耐，夜不成寐，竟起徘徊，倾听着凄厉的鹤声，等待着向南飞来的鸿雁怅然若失。意思是等着孟学士的来信。“骨肉胡秦外，风尘关塞中”，是指诗人的兄弟亲戚都在塞外或蓟北；自己却在关内宦海中飘泊多年。写身世的孤苦，是为了强调友谊的重要。“唯余剑锋在，耿耿气如虹”，是自比为锋利的宝剑，尽管不为人所用，但忠心耿直气贯长虹。前句中是借申包胥思存楚的典故，后句源出荆轲刺秦王。邹阳狱中上书有：“荆轲慕燕丹之义，白虹贯日。”这里用这两个典故来表示自己忠心为国，精诚之气可感天地。
沈德潜称赞这首五言排律说：“一气承接，不平实，不板滞。”的确，这首排律写得流畅自然，一气呵成，而又起伏跌宕。诗人采用了情景交映、虚实结合等手法，来抒发自己内心浓烈的感情。
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李贺《
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勉爱行二首送小季之庐山》
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韦应物《
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赋得沙际路送从叔象》
卢照邻简介
唐代·卢照邻的简介
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卢照邻，初唐诗人。字升之，自号幽忧子，汉族，幽州范阳（治今河北省涿州市）人，其生卒年史无明载，卢照邻望族出身，曾为王府典签，又出任益州新都（今四川成都附近）尉，在文学上，他与王勃、杨炯、骆宾王以文词齐名，世称“王杨卢骆”，号为“初唐四杰”。有7卷本的《卢升之集》、明张燮辑注的《幽忧子集》存世。卢照邻尤工诗歌骈文，以歌行体为佳，不少佳句传颂不绝，如“得成比目何辞死，愿作鸳鸯不羡仙”等，更被后人誉为经典。
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