菩萨蛮·催花未歇花奴鼓
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清代]：纳兰性德
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催花未歇花奴鼓，酒醒已见残红舞。不忍覆馀觞，临风泪数行。
粉香看又别，空剩当时月。月也异当时，凄清照鬓丝。
菩萨蛮·催花未歇花奴鼓译文及注释
译文
催促春花盛开的鼓声一直还没有停，酒醒之后已经看见落花纷纷扬扬。不忍倾杯一饮而尽这酒杯中残余的薄酒。面对秋风，离情别绪顿生，情不自禁地流下眼泪。
可爱的人儿阿，如今这离别又出现在眼前，寂空无所依，只留下一轮圆月，独立天际，甚至就连这月亮也与当时我们在一起时不同，你看这凄凉的清光缕缕地照在我的青丝上，如何不催人泪下。
注释
菩萨蛮：《菩萨蛮》，本唐教坊曲，后用为词牌，也用作曲牌。亦作《菩萨鬘》，又名《子夜歌》、《重叠金》等。
花奴：唐玄宗时汝阳王李琎的小字。
残红舞：指花落。
覆：倾翻酒杯，指饮酒。
馀觞（yúshāng）：杯中所剩残酒。
粉香：代指钟爱的女子。
“月也”二句：如今的月光也与当时不同了，只照着我的鬓发。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著；聂小晴注译,纳兰词全编笺注,北京联合出版公司,2013.08,第206页
2、李国强 白冬雁选注,历朝送别忆旧诗：踏莎行卷,华夏出版社,2000年02月第1版,第348页
菩萨蛮·催花未歇花奴鼓创作背景
清代中后期，词人爱妻卢氏去世，词人为了纪念与哀悼亡妻，于是写下了这首《菩萨蛮》。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著；何灏等注析,纳兰词,长江文艺出版社,2014.09,第53-54页
菩萨蛮·催花未歇花奴鼓鉴赏
这首词通过临别前和临别时的环境以及心理描写，来渲染相思之情。上片通过临别前饮酒与心绪不宁的矛盾心态，下片更进一步，通过写马上要离别时，突然感到物非人非的强烈情感，表达了面对离别而无法自禁的剧烈情感变化。
上片情感表现还在自控的范围内，最多是愁肠百结而“不忍覆余觞”，实在不能忍受心中痛苦也只是“临风泪数行”，或许情人问起，她可能还会忍住说是眼中吹进了沙子。
下片就显然增强了情感。眼看马上所爱的人就会很难再看见一次，情感上难以忍受，原本物是人非都已是催人肝肠寸断的了，她却说就连物也并非原来的物了，天上那轮见证过你我二人爱情事实的圆月也突然冷酷无情起来，这营造了一种极大的内心恐惧感、寂寞感、空虚感。
这首词中“催花未歇花奴鼓”句引了唐代玄宗时人物李琏的典故。他是大唐睿宗皇帝嫡孙，是唐朝宗室让皇帝李宪的长子，正由于他是让皇帝的长子，所以被封为汝阳郡王。他小名叫花奴，是个长得面容俊美姣好的美男子，并且音乐能力很强，可谓才貌双全。他还擅长弓和羯鼓，聪明敏捷。众所周知，唐玄宗也是历史上一个极富艺术修养的皇帝，在音乐舞蹈方面都是行家，身边有个多才多艺、才貌双全的美男子花奴，玄宗当然对他很是喜欢，并曾亲自教他音律，据说玄宗还亲自教授他羯鼓。
这首词写思恋、写离别，本身用词也巧，典故也大有可玩味处，真可读可感：花奴不鼓，唯见残红飞舞，前欢不再，而其悲则无穷，读之惨然，起身无绪，怅然若有所思。
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秦观《
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纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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