宿洞霄宫
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宋代]：林逋
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秋山不可尽，秋思亦无垠。
碧涧流红叶，青林点白云。
凉阴一鸟下，落晶乱蝉分。
此夜芭蕉雨，何人枕上闻。
宿洞霄宫译文及注释
译文
秋天的大涤山，美景无限，我难以一一游览；秋天的大涤山，引起我无限遐思，更难一一形诸笔端。
你看，那碧绿的山涧，泉水奔流，带来了片片红叶；青葱的树林上空，朵朵白云萦绕飘荡。
一只飞鸟不知从何处飞来，扑腾腾地冲进了树阴；夕阳西下，满山的知了，不停地鸣唱。
我想，这美妙的夜晚，雨打芭蕉，声声点点，是那么的悦耳；有谁，将与我一起，在枕上细细地聆听，联翩浮想？
注释
洞霄宫：在今浙江余杭县西南大涤山中，唐建天柱观，宋改名洞霄宫。
无垠：无边，无尽。
参考资料：
1、李梦生．宋诗三百首全解．上海：复旦大学出版社，2007年：11-12
2、张鸣．宋诗选．北京：人民文学出版社，2004年：36
宿洞霄宫鉴赏
林逋是杭州孤山的隐士，来此游览，写下他的观感。此诗就是其中的一首。一般研究者认为，宋诗讲究议论，起于欧阳修等人学韩愈古文，遂在诗中借鉴古文的写法，形成了以散文为诗的风格，同时也把议论带入到诗中。林逋这首诗，首联也以散文笔法起，作一总论，可以说走在了欧阳修等人的前面。
诗写的是宿洞霄宫，采取的是历来游览留宿诗的习惯写法，即先不写宿而写游。首联作一大概括。洞霄宫在大涤山中，诗第一句便写山，说秋天的大涤山，美景无限，难以遍历，也难以缕述；第二句接述游山的感触，美景无限，他游览时的快意，也难以缕述。这样，诗作了一番大范围、居高临下的总述，把山景及自己的游兴交代出来，写得很满。
以下两联便具体写山，铺陈“秋山不可尽”处。诗在写山时，紧紧把握住“秋”字，首先说碧绿的涧水在山石间奔流，水中漂来了片片红叶；茂密的树林上端，白云在悠闲地飘浮。这一联使用了几种亮丽的色彩，碧涧、红叶、青林、白云，把山林装点得绚丽多彩；水在奔流，云在飘荡，又写出山中的幽阒，体现出诗人面对山景的喜悦心情。碧涧中流下红叶，很像晋刘晨、阮肇游天台山遇仙女前，见到一条涧水，漂下片片红色的桃花那种仙境；青林点缀着白云，其意境有似晋陶弘景的“山中何所有？岭上有白云”那样超尘绝俗的诗句。大涤山是道家第七十二福地，诗人勾勒的这派悠闲高雅的景色，似乎也充满了隔绝人寰的仙风道气，这也是诗人所要表白的“秋思亦无垠”的一个方面。
“凉阴一鸟下，落日乱蝉吟”，也是写景，但笔法又换，转入明净轻快。诗仍关合秋天，但又插入当天的时间，表明已是黄昏时候，为下宿洞霄宫作伏。上联写的是自然界纯净的景色，重点是静，尽管水在流、云在飘，都是相对的静止，有声的无声；这联的重点放在动与闹上，说在树林清凉的树阴中，一只鸟儿扑腾腾地飞来栖下，落日照着山林，到处是秋蝉的鸣声。这联写得很有兴味，与前面合成一个和谐统一的氛围，显得诗人在山中徘徊，充满留恋，以至于把整个身心都沉浸在自然之中，处处呈现出自然界的真趣。
最后，诗才归结到“宿”字上，但又不直接写，而是宕开一层。洞霄宫中种了许多芭蕉，诗便由芭蕉想到晚上听雨，便通过虚拟听雨来实写住宿。“此夜芭蕉雨”，可以有两种解释，一是山中气候多变，目前是晴天，晚上就会下雨。因雨，他想到了那秋雨打在芭蕉叶上的充满韵味的响声。另一种解释，诗人宿洞霄宫是秋天，秋风萧瑟，摇动着芭蕉，夜深人静，满树沙沙，黄叶飘阶，犹如不绝的雨声。想到晚上美妙的秋声，诗人不禁问道：“有谁和我一起在枕上共听呢？”这样一问，留了想象的余地，也回照了首联的“秋思亦无垠”句。
林逋这首诗写得工巧细致、闲远冲淡，如其为人。对偶整齐，层次分明，景与情自然地融合在一起，韵味无穷。梅尧臣《林和靖先生诗集序》说林逋诗“咏之令人忘百事”，这首诗正有这样的魅力。
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王国维《
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好事近·夜起倚危楼》
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赵善庆《
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沉醉东风·山对面蓝堆翠岫》
林逋简介
唐代·林逋的简介
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林逋（967一1028）字君复，汉族，浙江大里黄贤村人（一说杭州钱塘）。幼时刻苦好学，通晓经史百家。书载性孤高自好，喜恬淡，勿趋荣利。长大后，曾漫游江淮间，后隐居杭州西湖，结庐孤山。常驾小舟遍游西湖诸寺庙，与高僧诗友相往还。每逢客至，叫门童子纵鹤放飞，林逋见鹤必棹舟归来。作诗随就随弃，从不留存。1028年（天圣六年）卒。其侄林彰（朝散大夫）、林彬（盈州令）同至杭州，治丧尽礼。宋仁宗赐谥“和靖先生”。
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