登陇
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唐代]：高适
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陇头远行客，陇上分流水。
流水无尽期，行人未云已。
浅才通一命，孤剑适千里。
岂不思故乡？从来感知己。
登陇译文及注释
译文
我这个远行之人，站在陇山坡头，望着陇山上四分而流开去的水流，心潮为之起伏。
流水没有间断之时，旅途之人也从无休歇之时。
我的才能微薄，只够得上做一个小官，如今承蒙知己相召，委以重任，于是不辞艰辛，孤独地仗剑往来万里之途。
我哪里是不思念故乡呢？我之所以离乡背井前往赴任，为的是感念知遇之恩。
注释
此诗《全唐诗》题作“登垅”，题下注：“垅，应作陇，诗同。”陇：陇山，在今陕西陇县西北。
陇头、陇上：《全唐诗》作“垅头”、“垅上”，同时又注明应作“陇”。
浅才：微才。通：往来。一命：命即官阶，一命为最低级的官。
适：走、往的意思。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：500
2、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：107-108
登陇创作背景
此诗作于唐玄宗天宝十二年（753年），是高适应哥舒翰的征召为河西节度使幕府掌书记，离长安前去河西节度使治所凉州（今甘肃武威）上任途中，登陇山有感而作。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：202-203
登陇鉴赏
此诗的头四句以陇上流水来映衬诗人的独身远行。“远行客”是诗人自称。诗人登上陇山之巅，想起乐府民歌《陇头歌辞》：“陇头流水，流离山下。念吾一身，飘然旷野。”诗人此时此刻的心情，与歌辞中说的是非常相似的。“陇上分流水”既是写实，也是衬托作者只身远游的孤寂悲凉心情。据《三秦记》：“陇山顶有泉，清水四注，俗歌：陇头流水，鸣声呜咽。遥望秦川，肝肠断绝。”诗的第三、四句运用顶真法紧承头两句而来：以流水不尽来比喻人的行程无尽。
诗的后四句是诗人以大丈夫自许，抒发了建功立业的雄心壮志。“浅才通一命”，这里是指诗人即将就任的左饶卫兵曹、充翰府掌书记。实际上这是幕府中重要的文职军官，地位仅仅次于判官。诗人称“浅才通一命”不过是谦词罢了。“孤剑适千里”，大有慷慨行侠的意味。《史记·淮阴侯列传》：“项梁渡淮，信仗剑从之。”结尾两句“岂不思故乡？从来感知己”，指明了诗人此番远行的原因。诗人并非不眷恋思念自己的故乡，他之所以离乡远行，全都是为了报答知己的知遇之恩呵。高适也是一个很重友情的人，他对哥舒翰的荐举是非常感激的，当时世风，要作官除考试一途外，若无人荐举是作不成官的，因此高适说“从来感知己”。“感知己”也仅是表层的一面，深层的原因则是高适想借此荐举机会，入幕从戎，一展身手，实现他建功立业、报效国家的抱负。正是这种内在的强烈的爱国主义精神，奠定了诗的后半部分昂扬的基调。
这首诗的最大特色就是以简洁的诗句表达了尽可能丰富的思想，诗中既有游子思乡的情思，又有仗剑戍边的豪情，既有报答知己的侠肝义胆，又有为国效力建功的雄心壮志，思想感情波澜起伏，曲折多变。从全诗的情感流动看，是先抑后扬，最后以昂扬的调子结束全篇，给人以奋发向上之感。胡应麟评说高适的五言古诗“意调高远”，“深婉有致”，由此诗可见一斑。
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乔吉《
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凭栏人》
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施闰章《
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山行》
高适简介
唐代·高适的简介
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高适是我国唐代著名的边塞诗人，世称“高常侍”。 作品收录于《高常侍集》。高适与岑参并称“高岑”，其诗作笔力雄健，气势奔放，洋溢着盛唐时期所特有的奋发进取、蓬勃向上的时代精神。
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