上元夜六首·其一
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唐代]：崔液
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谁家见月能闲坐？何处闻灯不看来？
上元夜六首·其一译文及注释
译文
玉漏和银壶你们暂且停下不要催了，宫禁的城门和上面的金锁直到天亮也开着。
谁家看到明月还能坐着什么都不做呢？哪里的人听说有花灯会不过来看呢？
注释
①上元：节日名，即农历正月十五元宵节。
②玉漏、银壶、铁关、金锁：都是美称，并非真正全由玉、银、铁、金做成，应理解为“像……一样的……”
③漏，壶：古代计时的器具，古人向铜壶里灌水，壶底打通一小孔，壶中立刻度箭，壶中的水逐渐减少，箭上的度数就依次显露出来，然后根据刻度计时，是为漏刻之法。
④铁关：宫禁的城门，唐朝宫禁森严，平时入夜即管关，天亮开放。
⑤彻：通，直到。
参考资料：
1、古诗文网经典传承志愿小组．方相氏译注，作者邮箱：1572076419@qq.com
上元夜六首·其一鉴赏
上元夜，指旧历正月十五夜，又称元宵节。我国素有元宵赏灯的风俗。崔液组诗《上元夜》七绝，共六首。描写当时京城长安元宵赏灯的繁华景象。据刘肃《大唐新语》记载：“神龙（唐中宗年号，公元705—707年）之际，京城正月望日（即十五），盛饰灯影之会，金吾弛禁，特许夜行。贵族戚属及下隶工贾，无不夜游。车马喧阗，人不得顾。王、主之家，马上作乐，以相竞夸。文士皆赋诗一章，以记其事。作者数百人，唯中书侍郎苏味道、吏部员外郎郭利贞（苏、郭之作皆五律）、殿中侍御史崔液为绝唱。”这是崔液所作赏灯诗六首中的第一首。
“玉漏银壶且莫催，铁关金锁彻明开。”“玉漏银壶”，计时的器具，古代以漏刻之法计时，具体方法是用铜壶盛水，壶底打通一小孔，壶中立刻度箭，壶中的水逐渐减少，箭上的度数就依次显露，就可按度计时，击鼓报更。元宵夜尽管解除了宵禁，但长安城的钟鼓楼上，仍旧按时报更；人们听了，都嫌时间过得太快，怕不能玩得尽兴，于是说：滴漏箭壶，你不要这样一声比一声紧地催促呀，也不要过得那么快，今夜的城门要一直开到天亮呢！上句写出了人们“欢娱苦日短”的感慨，下句是说在此太平盛世，应该通宵尽兴。吃过晚饭，打扮一新的人们，按捺不住心中的喜悦，迫不及待地早早走出家门，三五成群相邀着、呼唤着、嬉笑着，涌出巷口，融入大街，汇进似潮喧闹欢腾的人流。人们兴高采烈地燃放烟花爆竹，挥舞狮子龙灯，观赏绚丽多彩的灯火，评论着、嬉戏着、赞叹着。越看越高兴，越玩越兴奋，“莫相催”衬托出气氛之热烈，景色之迷人、“彻明开”既写出了元宵节通宵达旦闹花灯时间和程度，又写出了人们高涨而持续的勃勃兴致。
后面接着连用两个问句：“谁家见月能闲坐？何处闻灯不看来？”“谁家”、“何处”，实际是指家家、人人说明万巷皆空的盛况。这包括了上至王侯将相，下至平民百姓形形色色的各类人。因而，“谁家”“何处”这四字包涵的内容实在太多，它把人声鼎沸、车如流水马如龙，灯火闪烁，繁华似锦的京城元宵夜景一语道尽。连用两个诘句，不仅将盛景迷人，令人不得不往的意思表达得灵活传神，而且给人以无限回味的余地，言有尽而意无穷。
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上一首：
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苏味道《
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正月十五夜》
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下一首：
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柳永《
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玉楼春·皇都今夕知何夕》
崔液简介
唐代·崔液的简介
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崔液，定州安喜（今河北定县）人。字润甫，乳名海子。生年不详，约卒于唐玄宗先天二年（713）。唐代状元。及第时间无考。约在先天元年（712）以前某年。
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