终南
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
两汉]：佚名
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 139
终南何有？有条有梅。君子至止，锦衣狐裘。颜如渥丹，其君也哉！
终南何有？有纪有堂。君子至止，黻衣绣裳。佩玉将将，寿考不忘！
终南译文及注释
译文
终南山上有什么？有山楸来有梅树。有位君子到此地，锦绣衣衫狐裘服。脸儿红红像涂丹，莫非他是我君主？
终南山上有什么？有棱有角地宽敞。有位君子到此地，青黑上衣五彩裳。身上佩玉响叮当，富贵寿考莫相忘。
译文二
终南山上有什么？有山楸来有梅树。有位君子到此地，锦绣衣衫狐裘服。脸儿红红像涂丹，那是我的君王啊。
终南山上有什么？有棱有角地宽敞。有位君子到此地，青黑上衣五彩裳。身上佩玉响叮当，到寿命终结也忘不了。
注：在此“也哉”可用语助词解，而且“也”的其他用法中一般不存在在这种情况下当或许的可能。考为寿命终结和长寿的意思，这样就形成了本诗的不同理解模式。
注释
终南：终南山，在今陕西西安市郊外。
条：树名，即山楸。材质好，可制车板。
锦衣狐裘：当时诸侯的礼服。《礼记·玉藻》：“君衣狐白裘，锦衣以裼之。”
渥（wò）：涂。丹：赤石制的红色颜料，今名朱砂。
纪：山角。堂：山上宽平处。朱熹《诗集传》：“纪，山之廉角也。堂，山之宽平处也。”一说纪和堂是两种树名，即杞柳和棠梨。
黻（fú）衣：黑色青色花纹相间的上衣。绣裳：五彩绣成的下裳。当时都是贵族服装。
将将：同“锵锵”，象声词。
考：高寿。亡：通“忘”。
参考资料：
1、《先秦诗鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1998年12月版，第251页
终南创作背景
关于这首诗作者身份的推测，前人有两种说法：其一，秦大夫所作。《毛诗序》以为“（襄公）能取周地，始为诸侯，受显服，大夫美之故作是诗，以戒劝之”。其二，周遗民所作。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：255-256
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：251-253
终南鉴赏
关于这首诗作者身份的推测，前人有两种说法：其一，秦大夫所作。《诗序》以为“（襄公）能取周地，始为诸侯，受显服，大夫美之故作是诗，以戒劝之”。其二，周遗民所作。方玉润《诗经原始》云：“此必周之耆旧，初见秦君抚有西土，皆膺天子命以治其民，而无如何，于是作此。”其最有力的推断即是“其君也哉”一句。严粲《诗缉》云：“‘其’者，将然之辞。‘哉’者，疑而未定之意。”此句意为：“这个人将成为我们的君主吗？”方玉润说：“秦臣颂君，何至作疑而未定之辞，曰‘其君也哉’，此必不然之事也。”理由较充足，可信为周遗民之作。现代有的研究者认为是终南山的姑娘，对进山的青年表示爱慕之心而作，亦别开生面，可备参考。 又关于此诗究竟是“美”还是“戒”，前人亦意见不一。朱熹《诗集传》主“此秦人美其君之词”，姚际恒亦肯定“有美无戒”。而《诗序》的总体评价是：“《终南》，戒襄公也。”方玉润则以为此诗“美中寓戒，非专颂祷”。从诗的实际情况来看，方氏所见较为平允。
诗的“美”，最主要是赞颂秦公的容颜、服饰和仪态。两章诗都对“君子”的来到表示出敬仰和赞叹的态度。那君子的脸红润丰泽，大有福相。那诸侯的礼服，内里狐白裘，外罩织锦衣，还有青白相间斧形上装和五次斑斓的下裳，无不显得精美华贵，熠熠生辉。诗中对秦公的衣着有着一种新鲜感，不像是司空见惯习以为常的感觉，秦公也像是在炫耀华服似的，在在证明这确是秦襄公被始封为诸侯而穿上显服的情景。《史记·秦本纪》：“（周）平王封襄公为诸侯，赐之歧以西之地。其子文公，遂收周遗民有之。”诗大约就作于那时期。除了服装外，诗还写到了饰物的佩声锵锵，那身上琳琅的美玉挂件叮当作响，音韵悦耳。这就见出诗所描摹的形象是动态的，行进中的，仿佛让人感觉到秦公步履雍容来到终南山祭祀行礼。诗通过视觉、听觉形象的勾勒，至少在外观上透出富贵气派和令人敬仰感。
至于作者所代表的周遗民的内心感受是怎样的，似乎不像外在敬意那样简单，两章末尾各有一句耐人寻味的结语。第一句是“其君也哉”，从那惊疑不定的揣测口吻中，显出忐忑不安忧喜参半的复杂心情。新君降临一方，旧地遗民自有前途未卜的紧张心理，这很真实自然。第二句是“寿考不忘”，意谓：秦君哪，你富贵寿考，但最终不要忘记这里曾是周王的土地和百姓呵！将祝福、叮咛、告诫、期望种种难以直言的心境委婉托出。辨味这两句，诗确实是意存劝戒，希望秦君是明君，而不是暴君。至于为什么那么含蓄婉曲，汪中《述学·释三九》说：“周人尚文，君子之于言不径而致也，是以有曲焉。”倒是较为圆通的。不过，最主要的恐怕还是不便直说。
最后看看两章诗的起兴有何意味。首先，周民搬出引以为豪的周地名山起兴，显示了王都之民的身分和某种程度的优越感，也可使初来乍到的秦公不至小觑他们。就此意义而言，或有借当地名胜以壮胆撑门面的虚荣心理吧。其次，更为重要的是，终南山又名中南山，巍峨险峻，为万众仰慕。《尚书·禹贡》：“终南悖物。”《左传·昭公四年》：“荆山、中南，九州之险。”皆指此山。终南山有丰富的物产，尤以根深叶茂的林木为代表。还有宽衍险奥气象万千的山势。这些表面物象，明眼人都不难看清。那么作者何以要如数家珍不惜饶舌呢？一层意思是以隆崇的终南山，暗寓对秦公尊严身分的褒扬，有以伟物兴伟人的奉承之意。另一层意思是让秦公好好思忖一下：你真的能像终南山一样的受人尊崇吗？你只有修德爱民，不负众望，才能与名山的地位相媲美。正如后世曹操《短歌行》诗所云：“山不厌高，水不厌深。周公吐哺，天下归心。”其寓戒于颂一石两鸟的用意非常含蓄巧妙。
而另一解，诗只是对主君的赞扬。纵观秦风各部与其他各师不同不是大多言色，如果按本诗前文到最后的意思承接来看只是对秦君的赞扬，参照朱熹《诗集传》主“此秦人美其君之词”，姚际恒亦肯定“有美无戒”，可以解释为第二种。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 192
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
佚名《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
小雅·斯干》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 216
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
佚名《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
卢令》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 245
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 251
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
句 其一
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
杨绘
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
高骖黄鹤望天飞，千载谁能继费祎。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
赋范司马嘉莲作
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
柳是
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
风流不坠莫愁城，司马池台胜已并。只觉花蓬连理好，尽缘人重合欢名。
双凌芍药阶前艳，并照荚蓉幕里清。从此三生怀渌水，年年开发倍含情。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
长干三台（四首）
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
杨慎
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
雁齿红桥仙舫，鸭头绿水人家。
邀郎深夜沽酒，约伴明朝浣沙。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
七夕连句诗
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
南北朝：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
颜测
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
云扃息游彩，汉渚起遥光。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
代玉娥答 其一
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
叶春及
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
妾本巫山山下女，朝朝暮暮在阳台。可怜遗履轩前月，长照飞凫海上来。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
小游仙七首 其七
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
周密
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
碧海沉沉海上山，山头楼观五云间。人间方士多无赖，故把钗钿戏阿环。