江有汜
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两汉]：佚名
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江有汜，之子归，不我以。不我以，其后也悔。
江有渚，之子归，不我与。不我与，其后也处。
江有沱，之子归，不我过。不我过，其啸也歌。
江有汜译文及注释
译文
江水决堤啊又流回，心爱的人儿别处飞，从此再不和我相随。没有我相伴相陪你，终有一天你会懊悔。
江水静流啊积沙岛，心爱的人儿别处飞，从此再不和我相交。在没有我的日子里，祝你平安岁月静好。
注释
江：长江。汜（sì）：由主流分出而复汇合的河水。
归：荣归故里。妇人谓嫁曰归。
不我以：不带我。我，媵自我也。
渚（zhǔ）：水中小洲。王先谦《诗三家义集疏》“水中小洲曰渚，洲旁小水亦称渚。”
不我与：不与我相聚。
处：忧愁。朱骏声《说文通训定声》“‘处’，假借为‘癙’，实为‘鼠’”《诗经·小雅·雨无正》“鼠思泣血”，鼠思，忧思也。
沱（tuó）：长江的支流名称。或以为与“汜”同。
过：至也。一说度。
其啸也歌：啸是唱歌没有谱和调的意思。有“狂歌当哭”的含义。一口出声，以抒愤懑之气，一说号哭。闻一多《诗经通义》“啸歌者，即号哭。谓哭而有言，其言又有节调也。”啸，蹙口出声，以舒愤懑之气，言其悔时也。歌，则得其所处而乐也。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：40-42
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：43-44
江有汜创作背景
这是一首弃妇的哀怨诗。女主人公可能是一位商人妇。古代有一夫多妻制，商人在经商的地方娶了妻或妾，离开江沱返回家乡时将她遗弃了。她满怀哀怨，唱出了这首悲歌以自我安慰。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：40-42
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：43-44
江有汜鉴赏
全诗三章。三章诗的开头都是写景。“汜”、“渚”、“沱”，上面的译文都从支流这一意义上翻译，而在弃妇心目中，这一条条不同的支流都是看得见的具体存在。她住在“汜”、“渚”、“沱”一带，她丈夫当年从水路而来，最后又从这些支流中的一条乘坐小船悄然离去。从表现手法说，各章的首句都是直陈其事，用的是赋体；从江水有支流，引出“之子归”的事实，则在赋体之中又兼有比兴的意味。
诗中的丈夫是一位薄情郎。在三章诗中，那弃妇分别用“不我以”、“不我与”、“不我过”来诉说丈夫对她的薄情。“不我以”，是不一道回去；“不我与”，是行前不和“我”在一起；“不我过“，是有意回避，干脆不露面。丈夫在感情上是如此吝啬，做的是那样地恩尽义绝，无需再添加笔墨，其薄情薄意已如画出。
诗中的弃妇是一位自信心很强的女人。她相信自己在丈夫感情生活中的重要地位，因而预言丈夫今日的背弃行为，日后必将在感情上受到自我惩罚，这就是各章结句所说的“其后也悔”、“其后也处”、“其啸也歌”。值得注意的是，丈夫将受到的感情上的自我惩罚与他背弃自己妻子的行为之间的对应关系：“不我以”引出“悔”，“不我与”带来“处”，“不我过”导致“啸歌”。其愈是绝情，其后果也就愈加严重。当然，这只是弃妇一厢情愿的假想之辞。事实上，那男子很可能事过境迁，在感情上并不引起任何震动。对于理解这首诗来说，重要的不在于弃妇自信的论断日后是否会成为事实，而是隐藏在这一论断背后的弃妇思想感情的复杂性。弃妇设想故夫日后会后悔今日的背弃行为，其中就隐含了弃妇对于夫妇关系重归于好的企盼；预言故夫今日的轻率必将招致日后的痛苦，这又泄露出弃妇恨过于爱的报复性的心态。这是她的软弱，也是她的坚强。由此决定了这首诗风格上的特点，既一唱三叹，极尽缠绵，又柔中见刚，沉着痛快。
此诗每章的前三句叙事，后两句抒情。其中第三、四句重出——男子的薄情集中表现在这一句，女子的痛苦不幸也根源于这一句，因而采取了反覆咏叹的形式。重出的这一句子中的关键字，各章不同。从一章的“以”，一转而为二章的“与”，再转而为三章的“过”，愈转愈深，丈夫如何薄情，做妻子的又是如何痛苦不幸，都因了这一关键字的置换而得到一层深于一层的表现。全诗形式整齐，结构严谨，用字精审，笔法却极为自然，语言又十分浅近，达到了精工与自然、深入与浅出的完美结合，显示出极高的艺术水平。
全诗以“江有汜”起兴，反复申述，大意是：不让我陪嫁，你会后悔的，你就痛苦去吧，你就一个人哭去吧。诗中“有”字为语助虚词，“汜”、“渚”、“沱”都是具体的水名，“以”、“与”、“过”都是动词，表示“陪同”（随嫁）的意思。
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佚名《
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国风·卫风·伯兮》
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佚名《
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国风·邶风·日月》
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