早发焉耆怀终南别业
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唐代]：岑参
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晓笛引乡泪，秋冰鸣马蹄。
一身虏云外，万里胡天西。
终日见征战，连年闻鼓鼙。
故山在何处，昨日梦清溪。
早发焉耆怀终南别业译文及注释
译文
破晓的笛声催下我思乡的泪滴，秋日的冰水响过了奔驰的马蹄，
我孤单一人置身于西北的塞外，几万里途程我处在遥远的天西。
终日里只见边塞上不断的征战，连年来只听军队中战鼓的敲击；
亲爱的家乡你如今究竟在何处？昨日的梦中我又回故乡的清溪！
注释
焉耆（yān qí）：指焉耆都护府，为安西四镇所辖都护府之一，在今新疆焉耆回族自治县西南。终南别业：指岑参在长安东南终南山所居住的高冠别业。别业，即别墅。
晓笛：清晨羌笛吹奏之声。
秋冰：胡塞属高寒地带，入冬早，故虽秋日业已结冰。
虏（lǔ）：对西北边地的蔑称。
鼓鼙（pí）：战鼓，这里指征战之事。鼙，鼓的一种。
故山：指岑参隐居的终南山。
清溪：指终南山的小溪流。
参考资料：
1、刘开扬．岑参诗选：四川文艺出版社，1986：53-54
2、高光复．高适岑参诗译释：黑龙江人民出版社，1984：194-196
早发焉耆怀终南别业创作背景
天宝八载（749），岑参为右威卫录事参军，充安西四镇节度使高仙芝幕府掌书记。此诗当为诗人于天宝九载秋天行役于焉耆时作。
参考资料：
1、高光复．高适岑参诗译释：黑龙江人民出版社，1984：194-196
早发焉耆怀终南别业鉴赏
这首五律是诗人塞外旅途中的怀乡之作，它以苍凉的格调，倾诉了自己对家乡的眷恋。
那是一个边地的拂晓，深秋的塞外，天气寒凉，诗人又跨上战马，踏着秋日的冰水出发了。晨风送来瑚婉的笛声，这笛声不由引起诗人对故乡的怀念，两行热泪滚滚流下。诗歌就从这里开头。“晓笛”，“秋冰”，“马蹄”，交织成一幅单纯而又有声有色、有动有静的塞外秋晓行旅图，点示出“早发”之意。而这种苍凉的意境中，透露出独处异地的乡思，这便是首句的“乡泪”，从而暗示出“怀”字。“怀”，被渲染异地风情的“晚笛”所引发，所烘托，是统摄作者眼前这幅画面的中心，也是贯穿全诗的线索。
以下六句便集中写“怀”。“一身虏云外，万里胡天西”，这一联写边塞的遥远和自己的形单影只。“一身”与“万里”互相对照，突出了独处塞外的孤零。“虏云”和“胡天”说的都是塞外，而用两句反复来写，就突出了异地的感觉。“虏云”而言“外”，“胡天”而言“西”，就都强调了边塞的遥远，归家的不易，也就暗示出“怀”的原因。这两句与《安西客馆中思长安》里的诗句“绝域地欲尽，孤城天遂穷”都表达了一种独处异地的愁思。“终日见征战，连年闻鼓鼙”，上句从所见，下句从所闻写边塞上单调而又连续不断的征战生活。当诗人置身于这种生活之中的时候，他就发现，这种生活与作者自己原来的想象有一定的距离，并不是那样浪漫的。马上颠簸，飘忽无定，乡路迢迢，归家无期，诗人是不可能不时而生出对故乡的怀念和对征战生活的厌倦情绪的。从某一方面说，这也反映了戍边将士对长期征战的厌倦及对和平安定的眷恋。
诗的最后两句写思念故乡，形之梦寐。“故山”点出“怀”的对象，“今”承上文眼前景，“何在”启下句故乡景，用一问退出一“梦”，突出表现了对家乡之不能不时时萦怀。并且，“昨日梦”和今“晓笛”相呼应，反映了诗人之所以闻笛而落泪，并不是凭空的，而是以他对故乡的深沉思念为基础的。写到这里，“早发焉耆怀终南别业”这个题目所点示的几层意思，尤其是贯穿全诗的“怀”字，就表现得十分完满而又含蓄了。
全诗从“早发”落笔，层层写来，宛转赴题，情景交融，层次井然，感情十分深沉。
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陈羽《
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从军行》
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庾信《
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拟咏怀二十七首·其二十六》
岑参简介
唐代·岑参的简介
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岑参（约715-770年），唐代边塞诗人，南阳人，太宗时功臣岑文本重孙，后徙居江陵。[1-2] 岑参早岁孤贫，从兄就读，遍览史籍。唐玄宗天宝三载（744年）进士，初为率府兵曹参军。后两次从军边塞，先在安西节度使高仙芝幕府掌书记；天宝末年，封常清为安西北庭节度使时，为其幕府判官。代宗时，曾官嘉州刺史（今四川乐山），世称“岑嘉州”。大历五年（770年）卒于成都。
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