白云歌送刘十六归山
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唐代]：李白
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楚山秦山皆白云，白云处处长随君。
长随君，君入楚山里，云亦随君渡湘水。
湘水上，女萝衣，白云堪卧君早归。
白云歌送刘十六归山译文及注释
译文
楚山和秦山之上都有白云，白云到处长久地跟随着您。
长久跟随您，您进入楚山里，白云也跟着你渡过了湘水。
湘水之上，有仙女穿着萝衣，白云可以躺卧您要早回归。
注释
⑴刘十六：李白友人，名字不详。“十六”是其在家族中兄弟间排列长幼的次序数，唐时常用这种次序数来称呼人。
⑵楚山：这里指今湖南地区，湖南古属楚疆。秦山：这里指唐都长安，古属秦地。
⑶湘水：湘江。流经今湖南境内，北入长江。《水经注·湘水》：“湘水出零陵始安县阳海山。”汉东方朔《七谏·哀命》：“测汨罗之湘水兮，知时固而不反。”
⑷女萝衣：指的是屈原《九歌·山鬼》中的山中女神。《楚辞·九歌·山鬼》：“若有人兮山之阿，被薛荔兮带女萝。”王逸注：“女萝，菟丝也。”朱熹曰：“言被服之芳者，自明其志行之洁也。”
⑸堪：能，可以。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：279-280
2、张国举．唐诗精华注译评．长春：长春出版社，2010：159-160
3、孙静 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：267-268
白云歌送刘十六归山创作背景
这首诗当为天宝（唐玄宗年号，742—756）初年李白在长安送刘十六归隐湖南所作。唐玄宗天宝元年（742年），李白怀着济世之志，奉召来到长安，然而长安的政治现实，把他的期望击得粉碎，因此，不得不使他考虑到将来的去向和归宿。此诗就是在这种背景下创作的。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：279-280
2、孙静 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：267-268
白云歌送刘十六归山鉴赏
诗命题为“白云歌”，诗中紧紧抓住白云这一形象，展开情怀的抒发。白云向来是和隐者联系在一起的。南朝时，陶弘景隐于句曲山，齐高帝萧道成有诏问他“山中何所有？”他作诗答说：“山中何所有？岭上多白云。只可自怡悦，不堪持赠君。”从此白云便与隐者结下不解之缘了。白云自由不羁，高举脱俗，洁白无瑕，是隐者品格的最好象征，李白这首诗直接从白云入手，不需费词，一下子便把人们带入清逸高洁的境界。
为了充分利用白云的形象和作用，这首送别诗不再从别的方面申叙离情，只择取刘十六自秦归隐于楚的行程落笔。从首句“楚山秦山皆白云”起，这朵白云便与他形影不离，随他渡湘水随他入楚山里，直到末句“白云堪卧君早归”，祝愿他高卧白云为止，可以说全诗从白云始，以白云终。读者似乎只看到一朵白云的飘浮，而隐者的高洁，隐逸行动的高尚，尽在不言之中。胡应麟说“诗贵清空”，又说“诗主风神”（《诗薮》），这首诗不直写隐者，也不咏物式地实描白云，而只把它当做隐逸的象征。因此，是隐者，亦是白云；是白云，亦是隐者，真正达到清空高妙，风神潇洒的境界。方弘静说：“《白云歌》无咏物句，自是天仙语，他人稍有拟象，即属凡辞。”是体会到了这一妙处的。
这首歌行运笔极为自然，而自然中又包含匠心。首句称地，不直言秦、楚，而称“楚山”、“秦山”，不仅与归山相应，气氛谐调，增强隐逸色调；而且古人以为云触山石而生，自然地引出了白云。择字之妙，一笔双关。当诗笔触及湘水时，随事生情，点染上“女萝衣”一句。屈原《九歌·山鬼》云：“若有人兮山之阿，被薜荔兮带女萝。”“女萝衣”即代指山鬼。山鬼爱慕有善行好姿的人，“被石兰兮带杜衡，折芳馨兮遗所思。”汉代王逸注云：“所思，谓清洁之士若屈原者也。”这里借用这一故实，意谓湘水对洁身修德之人将以盛情相待，进一步渲染了隐逸地的可爱和归者之当归。而隐以屈原喻归者，又自在言外。末句一个“堪”字包含无限感慨。白云堪卧，也就是市朝不可居。有了这个“堪”字，“君早归”三字虽极平实，也含有无限坚定的意味了。表现得含蓄深厚，平淡中有锋芒。
此诗采用了歌体形式来表达倾泻奔放的感情是十分适宜的。句式上又多用顶真修辞手法，即下一句之首重复上一句之尾的词语，具有民歌复沓歌咏的风味，增加了音节的流美和情意的缠绵，使内容和艺术形式达到和谐的统一。
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杜甫《
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公安送韦二少府匡赞》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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