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《禹庙》鉴赏_杜甫作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 翰韵典库
首页 > 诗文 > 禹庙 > 鉴赏

《禹庙》鉴赏

原文

禹庙空山里,秋风落日斜。

荒庭垂桔柚,古屋画龙蛇。

云气嘘青壁,江声走白沙。(嘘青壁一作:生虚壁)

早知乘四载,疏凿控三巴。

赏析

  唐代宗永泰元年(765),杜甫出蜀东下,途经忠州,特地前去观览大禹古庙。首联巧妙地点出了游览的地点和时令。秋风萧瑟之时,诗人前去游览大禹庙,他举目远眺,只见四周群山环抱,草木幽深,而大禹庙就坐落在这空旷寂静的山谷中,残阳正好斜照在大殿之上。颔联移步换景,由远及近地描写了庙宇内部的景色。大禹庙因位于深山之中,常年

  无人照管,故而房舍残破,杂草丛生,显得荒凉而又冷清。庭院的橘子树和柚子树上挂满了果实,致使树枝低垂,好像要被压垮似的。古庙的墙壁上残留着龙和蛇的图像,依稀可辨。颈联描写大禹庙周围的环境和氛围。天空的浮云在夕阳的映照下变幻着身姿,大禹当年开凿的石壁上云雾缭绕,波涛之声从远处阵阵传来,江水沿着白沙道向东奔流。此联采用拟人的手法,用“嘘”、“走”二字赋予自然景物以人的活力,形象逼真,气势不凡,增强了全诗的艺术感染力。尾联借景抒情,点破本诗的题旨。

  本诗语言凝练,意境深邃。诗人通过远望近观的视角转换,采用虚实结合、拟人传神等手法,收到了情景交融、韵味悠长的艺术效果,讴歌了大禹治水泽被万代的丰功伟绩,同时也将缅怀英雄、爱国忧民的思想感情抒发了出来。

  杜甫写的禹庙,建在忠州(治所在今四川忠县)临江的山崖上。杜甫在代宗永泰元年(765)出蜀东下,途经忠州时,参谒了这座古庙。

  开门见山,起笔便令人森然、肃然。山是“空”的,可见荒凉;加以秋风瑟瑟,气氛更觉萧森。但山空,那古庙就更显得巍然独峙;加以晚霞的涂染,格外鲜明庄严,令人肃然而生敬意。诗人正是怀着这种心情登山入庙的。

  庙内,庭院荒芜,房屋古旧,一“荒”二“古”,不免使人感到凄凉、冷落。但诗人却观察到另一番景象:庭中桔柚硕果垂枝,壁上古画神龙舞爪。桔柚和龙蛇,给荒庭古屋带来一片生气和动感。“垂桔柚”、“画龙蛇”,既是眼前实景,又暗含着歌颂大禹的典故。据《尚书。禹贡》载,禹治洪水后,九州人民得以安居生产,远居东南的“岛夷”之民也“厥包桔柚”——把丰收的桔柚包裹好进贡给禹。又传说,禹“驱龙蛇而放菹(泽中有水草处)”,使龙蛇也有所归宿,不再兴风作浪(见《孟子。滕文公》)。这两个典故正好配合着眼前景物,由景物显示出来;景与典,化为一体,使人不觉诗人是在用典。前人称赞这两句“用事入化”,是“老杜千古绝技”(《诗薮。内篇》卷四)。这样用典的好处是,对于看出它是用典的,固然更觉意味深浓,为古代英雄的业绩所鼓舞;即使看不出它是用典,也同样可以欣赏这古色古香、富有生气的古庙景物,从中领会诗人豪迈的感情。

  五、六两句写庙外之景:“云气嘘青壁,江声走白沙。”云雾团团,在长满青苔的古老的山崖峭壁间缓缓卷动;江涛澎湃,白浪淘沙,向三峡滚滚奔流。这里“嘘”、“走”二字特别传神。古谓:“云从龙”。从迷离的云雾,奔腾的江流,恍惚间,我们仿佛看到庙内壁画中的神龙,飞到峭壁间盘旋嬉游,口中嘘出团团云气;又仿佛看到有个巨人,牵着长江的鼻子,让它沿着沙道驯服地向东方迅奔。……在这里,神话和现实,庙内和庙外之景,大自然的磅礴气势和大禹治理山河的伟大气魄,迭合到一起了。这壮观的画面,令人感到无限的力与美。

  诗人伫立崖头,观此一番情景,怎能不对英雄大禹发出衷心的赞美,故结句云:传说禹治水到处奔波,水乘舟,陆乘车,泥乘輴,山乘樏,是为“四载”。三巴指巴郡、巴东、巴西(今四川忠县、云阳、阆中等地)。传说这一带原为泽国,大禹凿通三峡后始控为陆地。这两句诗很含蓄,意思是说:禹啊,禹啊,我早就耳闻你乘四载、凿三峡、疏长江、控三巴的英雄事迹;今天亲临现场,目睹遗迹,越发敬佩你的伟大了!

  这首诗重点在于歌颂大禹不惧艰险、征服自然、为民造福的创业精神。唐王朝自安史之乱后,长期战乱,象洪水横流,给人民带来了无边的灾难;山“空”庭“荒”,正是当时整个社会面貌的真实写照。诗人用“春秋笔法”暗暗讽刺当时祸国殃民的昏庸统治者,而寄希望于新当政的代宗李豫,希望他能发扬大禹“乘四载”、“控三巴”的艰苦创业精神,重振山河,把国家治理好。

  在抒情诗中,情与景本应协调、统一。而这首诗,诗人歌颂英雄,感情基调昂扬、豪迈,但禹庙之景却十分荒凉:山空,风寒,庭荒,屋旧。这些景物与感情基调不协调。诗人为解决这个矛盾,巧妙地运用了抑扬相衬的手法:山虽空,但有禹庙之峥嵘;秋风虽萧瑟,但有落日之光彩;庭虽荒,但有桔柚垂枝;屋虽古旧,但有龙蛇在画壁间飞动……。这样一抑一扬,既真实地再现了客观景物,又不使人产生冷落、低沉之感;加以后四句声弘气壮,调子愈来愈昂扬,令人愈读愈振奋。由此可见诗人的艺术匠心。

杜甫简介

唐代·杜甫的简介


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杜甫


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杜甫(712-770),字子美,自号少陵野老,世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等,汉族,河南府巩县(今河南省巩义市)人,唐代伟大的现实主义诗人,杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”,其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”,为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来,杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民,人格高尚,他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来,诗艺精湛,在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇,影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都,后世有杜甫草堂纪念。