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《同诸公登慈恩寺塔》鉴赏_杜甫作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 翰韵典库

《同诸公登慈恩寺塔》鉴赏

原文

高标跨苍天,烈风无时休。自非旷士怀,登兹翻百忧。

方知象教力,足可追冥搜。仰穿龙蛇窟,始出枝撑幽。

七星在北户,河汉声西流。羲和鞭白日,少昊行清秋。

秦山忽破碎,泾渭不可求。俯视但一气,焉能辨皇州。

回首叫虞舜,苍梧云正愁。惜哉瑶池饮,日晏昆仑丘。

黄鹄去不息,哀鸣何所投。君看随阳雁,各有稻粱谋。

赏析

  “高标跨苍穹,烈风无时休。”诗一开头就出语奇突,气概不凡。不说高塔而说高标,使人想起左思《蜀都赋》中“阳鸟回翼乎高标”句所描绘的直插天穹的树梢,又使人想起李白《蜀道难》中“上有六龙回日之高标”句所形容的高耸入云的峰顶。这里借“高标”极言塔高。不说苍天而说“苍穹”,即勾画出天像穹窿形。用一“跨”字,正和“苍穹”紧联。天是穹窿形的,所以就可“跨”在上面。这样夸张地写高还嫌不够,又引出“烈风”来衬托。风“烈”而且“无时休”,更见塔之极高。“自非旷士怀,登兹翻百忧”,二句委婉言怀,不无愤世之慨。诗人不说受不了烈风的狂吹而引起百忧,而是推开一步,说他自己不如旷达之士那么清逸风雅,登塔俯视神州,百感交集,心中翻滚起无穷无尽的忧虑。当时唐王朝表面上还是歌舞升平,实际上已经危机四伏。对烈风而生百忧,正是感触到这种政治危机所在。忧深虑远,为其他诸公之作所不能企及。

  接下去四句,抛开“百忧”,另起波澜,转而对寺塔建筑进行描绘。“方知”承“登兹”,细针密线,衔接紧凑。象教即佛教,佛教用形象来教人,故称“象教”。“冥搜”,意谓在高远幽深中探索,这里有冥思和想象的意思。“追”即“追攀”。由于塔是崇拜佛教的产物,这里塔便成了佛教力量的象征。“方知象教力,足可追冥搜”二句,极赞寺塔建筑的奇伟宏雄,极言其巧夺天工,尽人间想象之妙。写到这里,又用惊人之笔,点明登塔,突出塔之奇险。“仰穿龙蛇窟”,沿着狭窄、曲折而幽深的阶梯向上攀登,如同穿过龙蛇的洞穴;“始出枝撑幽”,绕过塔内犬牙交错的幽暗梁栏,攀到塔的顶层,方才豁然开朗。此二句既照应“高标”,又引出塔顶远眺,行文自然而严谨。

  诗人站在塔的最高层,宛如置身天宫仙阙。“七星在北户”,他眼前仿佛看到北斗七星在北窗外闪烁;“河汉声西流”,耳边似乎响着银河水向西流淌的声音。银河既无水又无声,这里把它比作人间的河,引出水声,曲喻奇妙。二句写的是想象中的夜景。接着转过来写登临时的黄昏景色。“羲和鞭白日,少昊行清秋”,交代时间是黄昏,时令是秋季。羲和是驾驶日车的神,相传他赶着六条龙拉着的车子,载着太阳在空中跑。作者在这里驰骋想象,把这个神话改造了一下,不是六条龙拉着太阳跑,而是羲和赶着太阳跑,他嫌太阳跑得慢,还用鞭子鞭打太阳,催它快跑。少昊,传说是黄帝的儿子,是主管秋天的神,他正在推行秋令,掌管着人间秋色。这两句点出登临正值清秋日暮的特定时分,为下面触景抒情酝酿了气氛。

  接下去写俯视所见,从而引起感慨,是全篇重点。“秦山忽破碎,泾渭不可求。俯视但一气,焉能辨皇州?”诗人结合登塔所见来写,在写景中有所寄托。在平地上从终南山和秦岭望过去,只看到秦山青苍的一片,而在塔上远眺,则群山大小相杂,高低起伏,大地好像被切成许多碎块。泾水浊,渭水清,然而从塔上望去分不清哪是泾水,哪是渭水,清浊混淆了。再看皇州(即首都长安),只看到朦胧一片。这四句写黄昏景象,却又另有含意,道出了山河破碎,清浊不分,京都朦胧,政治昏暗。这正和“百忧”呼应。《资治通鉴》:“(天宝十一载)上(玄宗)晚年自恃承平,以为天下无复可忧,遂深居禁中,专以声色自娱,悉委政事于(李)林甫。林甫媚事左右,迎会上意,以固其宠。杜绝言路,掩蔽聪明,以成其奸;妒贤疾能,排抑胜己,以保其位;屡起大狱,诛逐贵臣,以张其势。”“凡在相位十九年,养成天下之乱。”杜甫已经看到了这种情况,所以有百忧的感慨。

  以下八句是感事。正由于朝廷政治黑暗,危机四伏,所以追思唐太宗时代。“回首叫虞舜,苍梧云正愁。”塔在长安东南区,上文俯视长安是面向西北,诗人南望苍梧,所以要“回首”。唐高祖号神尧皇帝,太宗受内禅,所以称虞舜。舜葬苍梧,比太宗的昭陵。云正愁,写昭陵上空的云仿佛也在为唐朝的政治昏乱发愁。一个“叫”字,正写出杜甫对太宗政治清明时代的深切怀念。下二句追昔,引出抚今:“惜哉瑶池饮,日晏昆仑丘。”瑶池饮,这里借指唐玄宗与杨贵妃在骊山饮宴,过着荒淫的生活。日晏结合日落,比喻唐朝将陷入危乱。这就同秦山破碎四句呼应,申述所怀百忧。正由于玄宗把政事交给李林甫,李排抑贤能,所以“黄鹄去不息,哀鸣何所投”。贤能的人才一个接一个地受到排斥,只好离开朝廷,像黄鹄那样哀叫而无处可以投奔。最后,诗人愤慨地写道:“君看随阳雁,各有稻粱谋。”指斥那样趋炎附势的人,就像随着太阳温暖转徙的候鸟,只顾自我谋生,追逐私利。

  全诗有景有情,寓意深远。钱谦益认为此诗言天下将乱,宴乐不可以为常,这就说明了全篇旨意。正因为如此,这首诗成为诗人前期创作中的一篇重要作品。

杜甫简介

唐代·杜甫的简介


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杜甫


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杜甫(712-770),字子美,自号少陵野老,世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等,汉族,河南府巩县(今河南省巩义市)人,唐代伟大的现实主义诗人,杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”,其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”,为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来,杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民,人格高尚,他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来,诗艺精湛,在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇,影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都,后世有杜甫草堂纪念。