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《陈情表》鉴赏_西晋·李密作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 翰韵典库
首页 > 诗文 > 陈情表 > 鉴赏

《陈情表》鉴赏

原文

  臣密言:臣以险衅,夙遭闵凶。生孩六月,慈父见背;行年四岁,舅夺母志。祖母刘愍臣孤弱,躬亲抚养。臣少多疾病,九岁不行,零丁孤苦,至于成立。既无伯叔,终鲜兄弟,门衰祚薄,晚有儿息。外无期功强近之亲,内无应门五尺之僮,茕茕孑立,形影相吊。而刘夙婴疾病,常在床蓐,臣侍汤药,未曾废离。(愍一作:悯茕茕孑立一作:独立)

  逮奉圣朝,沐浴清化。前太守臣逵察臣孝廉;后刺史臣荣举臣秀才。臣以供养无主,辞不赴命。诏书特下,拜臣郎中,寻蒙国恩,除臣洗马。猥以微贱,当侍东宫,非臣陨首所能上报。臣具以表闻,辞不就职。诏书切峻,责臣逋慢;郡县逼迫,催臣上道;州司临门,急于星火。臣欲奉诏奔驰,则刘病日笃,欲苟顺私情,则告诉不许。臣之进退,实为狼狈。

  伏惟圣朝以孝治天下,凡在故老,犹蒙矜育,况臣孤苦,特为尤甚。且臣少仕伪朝,历职郎署,本图宦达,不矜名节。今臣亡国贱俘,至微至陋,过蒙拔擢,宠命优渥,岂敢盘桓,有所希冀!但以刘日薄西山,气息奄奄,人命危浅,朝不虑夕。臣无祖母,无以至今日,祖母无臣,无以终余年。母孙二人,更相为命,是以区区不能废远。

  臣密今年四十有四,祖母今年九十有六,是臣尽节于陛下之日长,报养刘之日短也。乌鸟私情,愿乞终养。臣之辛苦,非独蜀之人士及二州牧伯所见明知,皇天后土,实所共鉴。愿陛下矜悯愚诚,听臣微志,庶刘侥幸,保卒余年。臣生当陨首,死当结草。臣不胜犬马怖惧之情,谨拜表以闻。(祖母一作:祖母刘)

赏析

  “多情”的《陈情表》

  《陈情表》是李密写给晋武帝的一份公文,也是我国古代散文中的一篇“奇文”。字字生情,句句含情,《陈情》之情,耐人寻“情”。

  倾苦情。文章开篇陈述的是作者不幸的命运:孩提时代,父丧母嫁,失怙失恃;成长时代,体弱多病,零丁孤苦;成人之后,无亲无戚,晚有儿息;如今现实,祖母卧病,侍药难离。“外无期功强近之亲,内无应门五尺之僮,茕茕孑立,形影相吊。”一句话浓缩了李密祖孙二人凄苦相依的命运,也表露了他沧桑过后的人生感慨。苦情动心,真诚感人。

  说难情。首先是进退两难。一方面是推孝廉,举秀才,拜郎中,除洗马。四次征召,先地方,后朝廷。国恩难报,君情难违。另一方面,祖母供养无主,疾病日重。养恩难忘,亲情难舍。其次是强人所难。在辞不赴命,辞不就职之后,作者等来的是诏书的责备、郡县的逼迫、州司的催追。在申诉不被允许的情况下,“臣之进退,实为狼狈”。无奈的话语中,含蓄地表达了对“圣朝”统治者强人所难的不满之情。

  消疑情。“少仕伪朝”,屡召不应,难免让晋朝统治者产生怀疑。是贪恋旧朝,“忠臣不事二君”,还是疑虑“圣朝”,顾虑重重?无论两种想法的哪一种得到证实,都可能给李密带来杀身之祸。旧朝时,“本图宦达,不矜名节”,新朝时,“过蒙拔擢,宠命优渥”。对比中,表明了李密的立场,流露了李密的感恩之心,更消除了晋朝统治者心中的郁结。接下来,祖孙二人“更相为命”的苦情的再次强调,既顺应了晋朝以孝治天下的治国纲领,又委婉地告诉了晋武帝侍奉祖母是他“不仕”的唯一原因。

  表忠情。先有“非臣陨首所能上报”的感触,后有先尽孝后尽忠的承诺,终有“生当陨首,死当结草”的誓言。忠君之情,溢于言表;感君之恩,动人心魄。

  《陈情》如此“多情”,也就难怪晋武帝会做出“停诏,允其不仕”的决定,也就难怪千古文人赞叹之声声声不已了。

西晋·李密简介

唐代·西晋·李密的简介


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李密(224年—287年),字令伯,一名虔,犍为武阳(今四川彭山)人。幼年丧父,母何氏改嫁,由祖母抚养成人。后李密以对祖母孝敬甚笃而名扬于乡里。师事著名学者谯周,博览五经,尤精《春秋左传》。初仕蜀汉为尚书郎。蜀汉亡,晋武帝召为太子洗马,李密以祖母年老多病、无人供养而力辞。历任温县令、汉中太守。后免官,卒于家中。著有《述理论》十篇,不传世。其生平见载《华阳国志》、《晋书》。代表作为《陈情表》。