发白马
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唐代]：李白
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箫鼓聒川岳，沧溟涌涛波。
武安有振瓦，易水无寒歌。
铁骑若雪山，饮流涸滹沱。
扬兵猎月窟，转战略朝那。
倚剑登燕然，边烽列嵯峨。
萧条万里外，耕作五原多。
一扫清大漠，包虎戢金戈。
发白马译文及注释
译文
将军骑着白马出发，旌节拥簇度黄河。
箫鼓喧天满川岳，犹如沧溟涌起洪波。
声碎武安之瓦，易水悲歌无法比拟。
铁骑若雪山云涌，饮流可以干涸滹沱河。
扬兵聚猎西边的月窟，转战夺取朝那城。
倚剑登上燕然山，边疆烽火台连绵嵯峨。
长城外萧条万里，五原关内耕作繁忙。
将军用武力扫清大漠，虎皮包裹金戈。
注释
旌节：即旌和节，两种信符。唐制，节度使赐双旌双节。旌以专赏，节以专杀。见《唐六典》。
聒：喧扰嘈杂。读guō。
沧溟：即大海。
武安句：《史记·廉颇蔺相如列传》：秦伐韩，赵王令赵奢救之，秦军军武安西，鼓噪勒兵，武安屋瓦尽震。此处形容军势之盛。
易水句：言士气高涨，歌声豪壮。《易水歌》见《史记·刺客列传》。
饮流句：极言军队人数之多。涸，干。滹沱，河流名，发源山西，东流入河北平原，汇入子牙河，至天津汇北运河入海。
扬兵句：谓显扬军威于边地。月窟，指极西之地。此处泛指边疆。
略朝那：夺取朝那。朝那，古县名，汉置，故址在今甘肃平凉市崆峒区西北。《史记·孝文本纪》：十四年冬，匈奴谋入边为寇，攻朝那塞。
倚剑句：谓将军凭借强大的武力取胜后，刻石勒功。《后汉书·窦宪传》（宪与秉）斩名王已下万三千级，获牲口马牛羊橐驼百余万头。宪、秉遂登燕然山，去塞外三千余里，刻石勒功，纪汉威德，令班固作铭。倚剑，倚天剑的省称。倚天剑，形容极长的剑。本于宋玉《大言赋》：方地为车，圆天为盖，长剑耿耿倚天外。
边烽句：谓边境烽燧排列，如同山峦。嵯峨，山势高峻貌。
耕作句：谓边地无兵患，百姓安定，从事耕作。五原，秦九原郡，汉武帝改置五原郡。见《汉书·地理志下》。
包虎句：谓天下太平，不再用武，兵器收藏。包虎，以虎皮包干戈。《礼记》：武王克殷反商，倒载干戈，包以虎皮。郑玄注：包干戈以虎皮，明能以武服兵也。正义曰：虎，武猛之物也，用此虎皮包裹兵器，示武王威猛能制服天下之兵戈也。戢，藏兵也。戢，读jí。
发白马创作背景
王琦注：题始于（南朝）梁费昶，其辞曰：“白马今虽发，黄河结冰凘”云云，太白盖拟之。按：白马，古渡口名，一名白马津。在河南省滑县。
发白马鉴赏
此诗歌颂中原汉族政权的一位将军发兵出征，讨伐胡兵，大获全胜后，刻石勒功，肃清边患，使边民过上太平生活。
全诗分两段。“朝那”以上为第一段，写发兵攻伐。首二句写发兵行军，旌旗逶迤，渡过黄河。“箫鼓”四句写军队声势浩大，箫鼓响彻山川，如同大海波涛，屋瓦为之震动，将士士气高涨，歌声嘹亮。“铁骑”二句写军队之众多。“扬兵”二句写略地之广阔。“倚剑”以下为第二段。写战胜后的局面。“倚剑”二句写战胜勒功，烽燧戒备森严。“萧条”二句写边地和平景象。末二句写扫清边患后，收兵束甲，不再用兵。
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李白《
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空城雀》
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刘彻《
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天马二首·其二》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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