庚子岁五月中从都还阻风于规林·其二
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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自古叹行役，我今始知之。
山川一何旷，巽坎难与期。
崩浪聒天响，长风无息时。
久游恋所生，如何淹在兹。
静念园林好，人间良可辞。
当年讵有几？纵心复何疑！
庚子岁五月中从都还阻风于规林·其二译文及注释
译文
自古悲叹行役苦，我今亲历方知之。
天地山川多广阔，难料风浪骤然起。
滔滔巨浪震天响，大风猛吹不停止。
游宦日久念故土，为何滞留身在此！
默想家中园林好，世俗官场当告辞。
人生壮年能多久？放纵情怀不犹疑！
注释
行役：指因公务而在外跋涉。《诗经·魏风·涉站）：“嗟！予子行役，夙夜无已。”
一何：多么。旷：空阔。
巽（xùn）坎：《周易》中的两个卦名，巽代表风，坎代表水。这里借指风浪。难与期：难以预料。与：符合。
崩浪：滔天巨浪。聒（guó）天响：响声震天。聒：喧扰。长风：大风。
游：游宦，在外做官。所生：这里指母亲和故乡。
淹：滞留。兹：此，这里，指规林。
人间：这里指世俗官场。良：实在。
当年：正当年，指壮年。当：适逢。讵（jǜ）：曾，才。潘岳《悼亡诗》：“尔祭讵几时。”
纵心：放纵情怀，不受约束。
参考资料：
1、孟二冬．陶渊明集译注及研究．北京：昆仑出版社，2008：100-103
庚子岁五月中从都还阻风于规林·其二创作背景
此诗写于东晋隆安四年（400年），作者陶渊明三十六岁。作者此时在荆州刺史桓玄的幕府中任职。此前，陶渊明奉桓玄之命出使京都建康（今南京市），完成使命后，返途中路过江西，准备顺道回家省亲，然而被风阻在途中。这首诗就是写在途中受阻时的情景。
参考资料：
1、孟二冬．陶渊明集译注及研究．北京：昆仑出版社，2008：100-103
庚子岁五月中从都还阻风于规林·其二鉴赏
与第一首诗相比，第二首诗写得更精炼一些，全诗仅十二句，集中表达了陶渊明厌倦仕途、依恋田园的思想感情。第二首诗是真实动人的述怀诗。诗人对做官不感兴趣，下决心要辞别官场。
“自古叹行役，我今始知之”。做官有行役之劳，在交通不发达的古代，尤其苦。所以陶渊明得出结论说：“自古叹行役”。然而，行役者究竟有些什么可叹的苦，陶渊明以往并无切身体验。可当他为桓玄当差，奔波于建康和江陵之间，不远千理，其间的艰难险阻可以说是“备尝之矣”，所以他感慨道：“我今始知之”。这里，言未尽意，诗人的心里是在说：行役当差的苦头我尝够了，谁还想迷恋仕途。
陶渊明厌倦仕途的另一个原因是，仕途多风险，吉凶难料。在诗人看来，做官是一种危险的事情，倒不如及早告别官场。为了表达这个意思，诗人并未直说，而是借景言情，引用典故达意。行役途中，面对山川荒野，诗人的心境是孤独而悲凉的，发出了“山川一何旷”的感叹。这不是对山川秀色的赞美，而是对山川旷野的畏惧。由于心情的关系，大自然在诗人的眼里也是可怕的。诗人借山川之险来陪衬仕途之险，意在说明仕途可畏，潜藏着祸福风云。何时为福，何时为祸，谁也不知，“巽坎难与期”。用“巽坎”来比喻仕途中的吉凶顺逆，是十分恰当的。“崩浪贴天响，长风无息时”。这是全诗的秀句，写出了诗人在行役途中对山川风物的真实感受。诗人的用词准确，而又很会夸张。他不说“巨浪”，而说“崩浪”。一个“崩”字，不仅有形象，而且有声音，绘声绘色。“聒”字准确地形容出巨浪咆哮时的杂乱之声。“崩”字形容声大，“聒”字形容声杂。诗人借自然景象来描绘官场内部的激烈斗争，像崩浪震天那样可怕。
宦游之人长年在外，离乡背井，这在感情上是一种痛苦。陶渊明也经历着这种痛苦，行役途中他格外思亲。“久游恋所生，如何淹在兹”，这是陶渊明的心声，抒发了思亲的感情，悔恨自己不应该误入仕途，更不应该在仕途淹留。有了这悔恨之后，诗人便下定了决心，要罢官归田。这里，可以看见陶渊明的内心世界，他赞美园林，鄙弃官场。诗的结尾“当年讵有几，纵心复何疑。”表面似乎是消极情绪的表露。其实，诗人并未宣扬及时行乐的思想，他是在思想痛苦的时候才这样写的，是一种愤慨之言。诗人正当壮年，大志未展，繁杂的公务消磨着他的年华，而且受着官场的牵制约束，俯仰由人，他想摆脱官场的牵制，回到园林，使自己的身心得到自由。诗人盼望有“纵心”的时刻，这不是要放纵自己，而是要做一个自由人。不贪富贵，纵心归田，按自己的意志去生活，这是陶渊明真实的思想。
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陶渊明《
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庚子岁五月中从都还阻风于规林·》
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赵师秀《
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岩居僧》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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