和马郎中移白菊见示
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
唐代]：李商隐
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 139
陶诗只采黄金实，郢曲新传白雪英。
素色不同篱下发，繁花疑自月中生。
浮杯小摘开云母，带露全移缀水精。
偏称含香五字客，从兹得地始芳荣。
和马郎中移白菊见示译文及注释
译文
陶渊明诗中只是采黄菊的黄精。郢都歌曲中新传唱阳春白雪的白雪花英。
白色不同于黄在篱笆墙下发展（白居易有咏白菊自比白头翁诗），繁盛的白花繁白好像从月亮银水中出生。
浮照酒杯少摘一些又打开云云母屏风，连带露水全都移植好像连缀着月亮这个水精。
偏偏称心的五字诗人客对您含着鸡舌香的郎官来称赞，您如这白菊花从此得地就开始欣欣向荣了！
注释
马郎中：即前水部马郎中。《移白菊见示》是马郎中的诗。
陶诗：东晋诗人陶渊明之诗。
黄金实：指菊花。陶渊明爱菊，诗中多有对菊花的赞美。
郢曲：郢是战国时楚国都城，郢城中有《下里巴人》、《阳春白雪》等歌曲。此借《白雪歌》引出白菊之英。
素：白。素色：白色。
小摘：喻花未盛开。云母：谓花似白云母。
水精：即石英。此形容菊上露珠之晶莹。
称：适合。含香：《汉旧仪)中说尚书郎在光明殿奏事之时，含鸡舌香，即丁香。
五字客：据郭颁《魏晋世语》所载：司马景王命中书令虞松作表，再呈，仍不合意，令松修改，松不能改。中书郎钟会为更定五字，松悦服。此以五字客钟会比马郎中。结尾言有马郎中之佳咏，白菊从此得地而盛开。
得地：犹得所。
参考资料：
1、郑在瀛．李商隐诗全集 汇编今注简释：崇文书局，2011.12：第239页
和马郎中移白菊见示创作背景
这首诗作于会昌四年（公元844年）。这年春天，李商隐全家迁到永乐（今山西芮城附近）居住。诗人来到这里后生活很清闲，因为在这一期间他因家母丧而去官在家安住，暂时远离了复杂的政治舞台，住“蜗牛舍”，饮松酌酒，又弄琴笙，赏花草，游山玩水，吟诗作赋，此诗就是诗人当时悠闲心境的反映。
参考资料：
1、靖宇．唐诗多用途 多功能辞典：辽海出版社，2001年09月第1版：78-79
和马郎中移白菊见示鉴赏
菊花历来是诗人笔下的爱物。东晋陶洲明就以爱菊闻名。尤其他那“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的名句，千百年来脍炙人口，更抬高了菊花的“身价”。不过人们赏菊，多数人喜欢黄色的金菊。而不大喜欢寒素的白菊。唐人也是如此。刘禹锡就在诗中写过当时“家家菊尽黄”（《和令狐相公玩白菊》），虽有夸张。但却反映出大多数人的嗜好，因为“白花冷淡无人爱”（白居易《白牡丹》）。而李商隐这首诗则专为白菊写照，极言其美。
诗一开头便写道：“实”即花。晋代潘尼《秋菊赋》中就有“真人采其实花”之句。“英”也指菊花。屈原就有“夕餐秋菊之落英”（《离骚》）的诗句。“郢曲”与“白雪”都是用典。宋玉《砖楚王问》中说：“客有歌于郢（楚国都城）中者，……其为《阳春白雪》，园中属而和者数十人。”诗人觉得东晋陶渊明在他有关菊花的诗作中只写黄菊，不写白菊，似乎不大公平（其实不是不写白菊，我国汉魏及两晋还没有培育出白菊），所以马郎中移栽白菊，并以白菊赋诗，真是难能可贵，其诗作如同《阳春白雪》之曲那般高雅，和者盖寡啊！
接下去，诗人便着力刻画白菊之美。三、四两句：“素色不同篱下发，繁花疑自月中生”，主要刻画白菊之色，而“移”字也随手带出。就色而言，白菊冰肌雪骨，如白玉琢成，似秋霜初降，确实不同于篱下生长出来的黄菊。它那晶莹洁白、玲珑剔透的花朵似乎是从月宫生长出寿的，哪是人世间的凡花俗卉呢？
五、六两句又一分一合更细致地描写白菊：“浮杯小摘开云母，部露全移缀水晶。”“小摘”是分开来看，“全移”是合观一体。此处诗人采取他贯用的写作手法，绕开描至对象本身，别出心裁，以他物出之因为“意翻空而易奇，言征实而舛巧”。（《文心雕龙·神思》），如果直相描写白菊本身容易直白无味，所以诗人便采用比喻的手法，借物之亡者以喻白菊，浮杯小摘，即分开来帝细观看，它晶莹剔透。如同云母一样玲珑。再“带露全移”，从整体上观察，那洁白纯净的花瓣上带着一串串透明的露珠，真如水晶一般明亮这一联笔法精妙，极尽白菊之态。
七、八两句：“偏称含香五字客从兹得地始方荣。”着重赞扬马郎中其人及其移植白菊之事。清人陆昆曾评论这两句诗的时候就说：“含香句，谓花与人称。一经郎中移植，便庆得地。而芳荣自此始矣。”（《李义山诗集注》）。“含香”与“五字客”都是用典。《汉旧仪》中说：在汉代，尚书郎奏事于光明殿。而殿中用胡粉涂墙壁，尚书郎“趋走丹墀。含鸡舌香（即今丁香），伏其下奏事。”另据《世说新语》所载，魏司马景王命中书令虞松作表，虞松写完后上呈，却不合景王之意，让他再行决定。但虞松思路枯竭，半天不能更改，心想此事，面带难色，当时钟会见之便拿过来看，为他改定了五个字，虞松心悦诚服。再送景王之时，景王惊问虞松，虞松吐实之后，景王叹道：“如此大才，应予重用。”此处“含香”与“五字客”是赞扬马郎中其人。白菊为大多数人所不赏，却遇到马郎中这样如钟会一样文采风流的知音，生得其地，也可以一显芳荣了。
这首诗句新意关。表现在：诗人写白菊之色不从白菊本身着笔，而是发挥丰富的想象，运用恰当的比喻来形容之。先是疑白菊生自月中。后又用云母水晶来比方。新颖别致，翻空出奇，同时本诗又使用了一些典故，美不胜收。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 192
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
吴文英《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 201
醉桃源·芙蓉》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 216
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
吴文英《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 225
过秦楼·黄钟商芙蓉》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 245
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 246
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 251
李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
赠别潘稼堂简讨二首 其二
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
陈恭尹
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
去是新秋来是冬，一年踪迹岭云中。犹同遁世人无闷，独有名山路未穷。
采砚每逢蕉叶白，买舟频系荔支红。罗浮括入归囊里，曾否江门梦钓翁。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
渔父
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
元代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
吴镇
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
舴艋为舟力几多。江头云雨半相和。殷勤好，下长波。
半夜潮生不那何。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
与广州庠友罗道卿同谒伦白山太史索家君竹小隐序后数日赋一绝以速之
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
张天赋
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
万丈龙门未易过，感君指引渡风波。海头多少傍人眼，不济于今将若何。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
赠台湾名教授汪中老三首 其二
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
何永沂
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
今古无端入望中，才名灌耳说汪公。乌衣红杏缘唐宋，落笔龙蛇墨正浓。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
夏日口外寄宫中
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
玄烨
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
翠盖鸾旌出，平明刻漏同。油云驱暑气，时雨引清风。
山脉经年秀，泉形此日充。遥遥千里外，回首忆深宫。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 300
访姨兄王斌渭口别墅（一本无王斌二字）
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 303
唐代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 304
郑谷
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/pykjmxsj.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 322
枯桑河上村，寥落旧田园。少小曾来此，悲凉不可言。
访邻多指冢，问路半移原。久歉家僮散，初晴野荠繁。