鸣皋歌送岑徵君
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唐代]：李白
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若有人兮思鸣皋，阻积雪兮心烦劳。
洪河凌兢不可以径度，冰龙鳞兮难容舠。
邈仙山之峻极兮，闻天籁之嘈嘈。
霜崖缟皓以合沓兮，若长风扇海涌沧溟之波涛。
玄猿绿罴，舔舕崟岌；
危柯振石，骇胆栗魄，群呼而相号。
峰峥嵘以路绝，挂星辰于崖嶅！
送君之归兮，动鸣皋之新作。
交鼓吹兮弹丝，觞清泠之池阁。
君不行兮何待？若返顾之黄鹤。
扫梁园之群英，振大雅于东洛。
巾征轩兮历阻折，寻幽居兮越巘崿。
盘白石兮坐素月，琴松风兮寂万壑。
望不见兮心氛氲，萝冥冥兮霰纷纷。
水横洞以下渌，波小声而上闻。
虎啸谷而生风，龙藏溪而吐云。
冥鹤清唳，饥鼯嚬呻。
块独处此幽默兮，愀空山而愁人。
鸡聚族以争食，凤孤飞而无邻。
蝘蜓嘲龙，鱼目混珍；
嫫母衣锦，西施负薪。
若使巢由桎梏于轩冕兮，亦奚异于夔龙蹩于风尘！
哭何苦而救楚，笑何夸而却秦？
吾诚不能学二子沽名矫节以耀世兮，固将弃天地而遗身！
白鸥兮飞来，长与君兮相亲。
鸣皋歌送岑徵君译文及注释
译文
有人如岑徵君者思归鸣皋，苦阻于大雪冰封而忧心。
若走水路，则大河冰封，令人战战兢兢不可以渡过，河冰如龙鳞参差，不能行船。
若走旱路，则群山高峻，天风阵阵，难于登攀。
白皑皑的雪崖霜峰连绵合沓，像长风吹起的海上之汹涌波涛。
山峰高耸险要，山顶上有玄猿绿熊瞪目吐舌；
又有枯树危石摇摇欲堕，其群呼与相号之声，无不令人骇心动魄。
群峰峥嵘而路断，层峦叠嶂上与星辰相接。
我送君之将归，作《鸣皋歌》以相送。
且设饯别宴于清泠池上，伴之以鼓琴之乐。
君不行如返顾之黄鹤，还期待着什么呢？
想必是要一扫梁园之群英，欲振大雅于东洛。
一展雄才而后始上征轩，历经阻折，翻山越岭，以入陇居。
去过那种坐白石而赏清月，弹松风而寂万壑的宁静生活吧。
自君去后，我怅望不见而心烦意乱，想象在鸣皋山中，松萝昏暗而雪霰纷纷；
泉水穿崖过洞，一清见底，流水声声，流喧不已；
虎啸生风，震响山谷，龙藏深澳，吐云洞中。
更有夜鹤清亮的鸣叫，饥鼯蹙眉而呻吟。
块然独居如此清寂之地，真使人为之揪心担忧。
当今之世，小人得志如群鸡旋聚而争食于朝堂，君子失势却如孤凤无都而远飞于山林。
是非不分如同蜥蜴敢笑巨龙，而鱼目可以混同珍珠。
美女不如丑女，嫫母衣锦入宠，而使美女西施负薪为奴。
这一切何异于使高士巢父、许由囚于轩车冠冕，让夔、龙这样的贤臣沦落于风尘之中？
申包胥哭于秦庭而救楚，鲁仲连假谈笑以却奏兵。
我实在不能学此二人沽名钓誉，矫立名节以夸耀于后世。
吾当遗世独立，与白鹤相狎，与君长于山水之中相亲相随。
注释
鸣皋（gāo）歌送岑徵（zhēng）君：宋本题下注云：“时梁园三尺雪，在清泠池作。”鸣皋，山名，又名九皋山，在今河南嵩县东北。唐时属河南道河南府陆浑县。岑徵君，即岑勋。徵君，美称，泛指虽应征入朝却没有任职的名士。
“若有人”句：《楚辞·九歌·山鬼》：“若有人兮山之阿”为此句所本。若有人，指岑徵君。若，语气词。
洪河：指黄河。凌：冰凌。兢：小心谨慎的样子。径度：即径渡。
冰龙鳞：形容河冰参差，有如龙鳞。舠（dāo）：刀形小船，字本作“刀”。《诗经·卫风·河广》：“谁谓河广？曾不容刀。”郑笺：“小船曰刀。”
峻极：高大至极。
霜崖：积霜雪之山崖。缟（gǎo）皓：洁白。合沓（tà）：重叠貌。
玄猿：即黑色的猿猴。绿罴（pí）：毛有绿光的大熊。
舕（tàn）：吐舌头。崟（yín）岌（ jí）：高险的山。
嶅（áo）：山上的许多小石。
觞（shāng）：欢饮。清泠：清泠池，为宋州梁园胜地。
梁园之群英：指枚乘、邹阳、司马相如等人。梁园，西汉梁孝王刘武营造的规模宏大的皇家园林。
征轩：远行之车。轩，指轩车。
巘（yǎn）崿（è）：指山崖、峰峦。
”盘白石“句：意谓傲坐于白石之上，皓月之下。素月：皓洁之明月。
松风：即《风入松》，琴曲名。
氛氲（yūn）：一作”纷纭“，乱貌。
萝：女萝。冥冥：暗貌。霰（xiàn）：小冰粒。
清唳（lì）：鹤的叫声清亮。
鼯（wú）：形似松鼠的动物。嚬（pín）呻：蹙眉呻吟。
块独:：孤独貌。幽默：谓寂然无声。
愀（qiǎo）：忧惧貌。
”鸡聚族“二句：谓小人结朋而君子不党。
蝘（yǎn）蜓：俗称壁虎。
鱼目混珍：即鱼目混珠。
嫫（mó）母：传说为黄帝之妻，貌丑。
巢由：即巢父、许由，皆尧时之隐者。桎（zhì）梏（gù）：刑具。
夔（kuí）龙：传说中的单足神怪动物。蹩（bié）：跋行用力貌。
“哭何苦”句：此句用申包胥救楚事。
”笑何夸“句：此用鲁仲连却秦事。
二子：指申包胥、鲁仲连。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：272-275
鸣皋歌送岑徵君鉴赏
此诗为李白自制歌行，用来送他的朋友岑徵君到嵩县鸣皋山隐居，故曰“鸣皋歌”，而以“送岑徵君”为其副题。同时李白还写了一首《送岑徵君归鸣皋山》，其中说到岑徵君乃相门之后，家世显赫，但也多次遭到迫害，促使岑徵君早就萌发了隐居的念头。眼看着自己的朋友就要离开宋州的梁园到嵩县鸣皋山去隐居了，面对着漫山遍野的皑皑白雪，诗人的心情特别“烦劳”。一种“天长水阔厌远涉”，一种“将登太行雪满山”的感觉涌上心头。在诗人的想象中，从宋州梁园到嵩县鸣皋山竟是如此艰难和可畏。于是组成了“洪河凌兢不可以径度”，至“挂星辰于岩嶅”一段描写。这是经由“烦劳”的特殊心态幻觉出来的一连串意象语汇，渡越冰封雪冻的河流是那样艰难；鸣皋山是那样的令人向往，却又那样难以企及；大自然的“天籁”之音，也变得嘈杂难听；素裹银装的群山绵延起伏，犹如大海中长风掀起的巨浪令人生畏；甚至那些伏居深山，跳跃于“危柯振石”间的珍稀动物，也不能不“骇胆栗魄，群呼而相号”了。暗示出岑勋此时到鸣皋山隐居，实在不是一件愉快的事。“送君之归兮”至“愀空山而愁人”，笔锋一转，才正式进入送行的叙述。先记送行的情景：“交鼓吹兮弹丝，觞清泠之池阁”，酒酣耳热，丝竹并奏之情如见；接着赞岑徵君的为人：“扫梁园之群英，振大雅于东洛”，作文赋诗，风流儒雅之态可想而知；再想象其幽居的乐趣：“盘白石兮坐素月，琴松风兮寂万壑”，回归自然，抱朴含真之趣可亲，继而是对友人深情的关注与怀念：“块独处此幽默兮，愀空山而愁人”。诗人想象中的鸣皋山，并不是“两岸桃花夹去津”的桃源乐土，而是有虎啸、有龙吟，有“冥鹤清唳，饥鼯呻嚬”的充满着躁动不安和不平之鸣的世界。这里诗人以暗示、对比、烘托等手法，暗示山居野处，虎卧龙潜，遗世独立，并非最佳之所。
至此，李白的激情又一次爆发出来，于是有了“鸡聚族以争食”，至结尾的第三段文字。像岑徵君这样的志士只能遗世独立于山中，而鸡鸣狗盗之徒却窃踞魏阙。因此诗人发出了高亢激越的音响：“若使巢由桎梏于轩冕兮，亦奚异乎夔龙蹩于风尘。”这是古今志士的一种宿命。所谓“济水自清河自浊，周公大圣接舆狂”（李颀《杂兴》）。清者自清，浊者自浊。巢由与夔龙尚且不能勉强凑合在一起，更何况与鸡鹜争食，与蝘蜓混居。于是接着又引申包胥与鲁仲连为例，说明岑徵君不愿学，亦不必学。他遗弃了沽名耀世的殊勋与荣誉，却获得了人生的解放与自由。这里的“吾”，不是李白自谓，而是代岑徵君立言。此时的李白已经化为一只白鸥，并借岑徵君之口，邀约他早一天也能飞到鸣皋山去。那时，他也就可超越尘世的束缚而遨游于天地之间了。
这是一首骚体诗。骚体诗自魏晋后沉寂了四五百年，在李白笔下，又一次以崭新的面貌呈现在读者面前。这首歌行的句式、语言、音节、韵味，那种酣畅淋漓，纵横驰骋，惊心骇目，声势夺人的气魄，以及那些借助于含混、暖昧、朦胧的意象所形成的梦幻般的艺术效果，是李白的独创。而选择这种古老的文学形式，是因为他此时的遭遇和心境太像屈原了。
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孔融《
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临终诗》
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辛弃疾《
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鹧鸪天·离豫章别司马汉章大监》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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