《五柳先生传》翻译及注释
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魏晋：陶渊明
先生不知何许人也，亦不详其姓字，宅边有五柳树，因以为号焉。闲静少言，不慕荣利。好读书，不求甚解；每有会意，便欣然忘食。性嗜酒，家贫不能常得。亲旧知其如此，或置酒而招之；造饮辄尽，期在必醉。既醉而退，曾不吝情去留。环堵萧然，不蔽风日；短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空，晏如也。常著文章自娱，颇示己志。忘怀得失，以此自终。
译文： 不知道五柳先生是什么地方的人，也不清楚他的姓字。因为住宅旁边有五棵柳树，就把这个作为号了。他安安静静，很少说话，也不羡慕荣华利禄。他喜欢读书，不在一字一句的解释上过分深究；每当对书中的内容有所领会的时候，就会高兴得连饭也忘了吃。他生性喜爱喝酒，家里穷经常没有酒喝。亲戚朋友知道他这种境况，有时摆了酒席叫他去喝。他去喝酒就喝个尽兴，希望一定喝醉；喝醉了就回家，竟然说走就走。简陋的居室里空空荡荡，遮挡不住严寒和烈日，粗布短衣上打满了补丁，盛饭的篮子和饮水的水瓢里经常是空的，可是他还是安然自得。常常写文章来自娱自乐，也稍微透露出他的志趣。他从不把得失放在心上，从此过完自己的一生。
注释： 何许人：何处人。也可解作哪里人。许，处所。详：知道。姓字：姓名。古代男子二十而冠，冠后另立别名称字。因以为号焉：就以此为号。以为，以之为。焉，语气助词。不求甚解：这里指读书只求领会要旨，不在一字一句的解释上过分探究。会意：指对书中的有所体会。会：体会、领会。欣然：高兴的样子。嗜：喜好。亲旧：亲戚朋友。旧，这里指旧交，旧友。如此：像这样，指上文所说的“性嗜酒，家贫不能常得。”或：有时。造饮辄尽：去喝酒就喝个尽兴。造，往，到。辄，就。期在必醉：希望一定喝醉。期，期望。既：已经。曾不吝情去留：五柳先生态度率真，来了就喝酒，喝完就走。曾不，竟不。吝情，舍不得。去留，意思是离开。环堵萧然：简陋的居室里空空荡荡。环堵：周围都是土墙，形容居室简陋。堵，墙壁。萧然，空寂的样子。短褐穿结：粗布短衣上打了个补丁。短褐，粗布短衣，穿结，指衣服破烂。穿，破。结，缝补。箪瓢屡空：形容贫困，难以吃饱。箪，盛饭的圆形竹器。瓢，饮水用具。屡：经常。晏如：安然自若的样子。自终：过完自己的一生。
赞曰：黔娄之妻有言：“不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵。”其言兹若人之俦乎？衔觞赋诗，以乐其志，无怀氏之民欤？葛天氏之民欤？
译文： 赞语说：黔娄的妻子曾经说过：“不为贫贱而忧愁，不热衷于发财做官。这话大概说的是五柳先生这一类的人吧？一边喝酒一边作诗，因为自己抱定的志向而感到无比的快乐。不知道他是无怀氏时代的人呢？还是葛天氏时代的人呢？
注释： 赞：传记结尾的评论性文字。黔娄：战国时期齐稷下先生，齐国有名的隐士和著名的道家学，无意仕进，屡次辞去诸侯聘请。他死后，曾子前去吊丧，黔娄的妻子称赞黔娄“甘天下之淡味，安天下之卑位，不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵。求仁而得仁，求义而得义。”戚戚：忧愁的样子。汲汲：极力营求的样子、心情急切的样子。其言：推究她所说的话。兹：这。若人：此人，指五柳先生。俦：辈，同类。觞：酒杯。以乐其志：为自己抱定的志向感到快乐。以，用来。无怀氏：与下面的“葛天氏”都是传说中的上古帝王。据说在那个时代，人民生活安乐，恬淡自足，社会风气淳厚朴实。
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刘向 撰《
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唐雎不辱使命》
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韩非《
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扁鹊见蔡桓公》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。