《送东阳马生序(节选)》翻译及注释
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明代：宋濂
余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕圣贤之道，又患无硕师、名人与游，尝趋百里外，从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。余立侍左右，援疑质理，俯身倾耳以请；或遇其叱咄，色愈恭，礼愈至，不敢出一言以复；俟其欣悦，则又请焉。故余虽愚，卒获有所闻。
译文： 我年幼时就非常爱好读书。（因为）家里贫穷，（所以）没有办法买书来阅读，常常向藏书的人家去借，亲自抄录，计算着日期按时送还。冬天非常寒冷，砚台里的墨汁像冰一样坚硬，手指（冻得）不能弯曲伸直，也不敢懈怠。抄完后，便马上跑去还书，不敢稍微超过约定的期限。因此有很多人都愿意把书借给我，于是我能够遍观群书。到了成年以后，我更加仰慕古代圣贤的学说，又担心没有才学渊博的人同我来往，曾经跑到百里以外，拿着经书向乡里有道德学问的前辈请教。前辈道德和声望高，门人弟子挤满了他的屋子，他不曾把言辞放委婉些，把脸色放温和些。我站着侍候在他左右，提出疑难，询问道理，俯下身子，侧着耳朵请教；有时遇到他大声斥责，（我的）表情更加恭顺，礼节更加周到，不敢说一个字反驳；等到他高兴了，则又去请教。所以我虽然愚笨，但最终获得学识。
注释： 余：我。嗜：喜欢、特别爱好。无从：没有办法。致书：得到书。致：得到。每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录：每：常常。假借：同义复合词。借。假，借。于：介词，从。笔：名词作状语，用笔。手：名词活用为动词，动手。弗之怠：即弗怠之，不懈怠，不放松读书。弗：不。之：指代抄书。走：跑。逾约：超过约定的期限。以是：因此。以：以为；是：这样。加冠：古代男子二十岁举行加冠礼，表示已经成人。后人常用“冠”或“加冠”表示年已二十。患：担心。.硕师：学问渊博的老师。硕：大。游：交往。尝：曾经。趋：赶到。从乡之先达执经叩问：拿着经书向当地有道德有学问的前辈请教。先达：有道德有学问的前辈。叩，请教。执：拿着德隆望尊：道德声望高。望，声望，名望。隆：高。门人弟子填其室：学生挤满了他的屋子。门人、弟子，学生。填，充。这里是拥挤的意思。稍降辞色：把言辞放委婉些，把脸色放温和些。辞色，言语和脸色。色：脸色。援疑质理：提出疑难，询问道理。援，提出。质，询问。俯身倾耳以请：弯下身子，侧着耳朵（恭敬地）请教（表现尊敬而专心）。以：连词，而，来。或：有时。叱咄：训斥，呵责。色愈恭：表情更加恭顺。色：表情。恭：恭敬至：周到。复：这里指辩解，反驳。俟：等待。卒：最终。
当余之从师也，负箧曳屣，行深山巨谷中，穷冬烈风，大雪深数尺，足肤皲裂而不知。至舍，四支僵劲不能动，媵人持汤沃灌，以衾拥覆，久而乃和。寓逆旅，主人日再食，无鲜肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽，腰白玉之环，左佩刀，右备容臭，烨然若神人；余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意，以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。盖余之勤且艰若此。
译文： 当我外出求师的时候，背着书箱，拖着鞋子，行走在深山峡谷之中。隆冬时节，刮着猛烈的寒风，雪有好几尺深，脚上的皮肤都冻裂却不知道。回到旅舍，四肢僵硬动弹不得。服侍的仆人拿着热水（为我）浇洗，用被子裹着我，很久才暖和起来。我寄住在旅舍，旅店老板每天提供两顿伙食，没有新鲜肥美的东西来享用。与我同住别的同学都穿着华丽的衣服，戴着用红色帽带和珠宝装饰的帽子，腰间系着白玉制成的环，左边佩戴宝刀，右边挂着香囊，光鲜亮丽好像神仙一样；我却穿着破破烂烂的衣服和他们生活在一起，但我毫无羡慕的心。因为心中有足以快乐的事情，所以不觉得吃的、穿的享受不如别人。我求学的辛勤和艰苦就是像这个样子啊！
注释： 负箧曳屣：背着书箱，拖着鞋子（表示鞋破）。曳：拖。箧：书箱。屣：鞋。穷冬：隆冬。皲裂：皮肤因寒冷干燥而开裂。舍：指学舍，书馆。支：通“肢”，肢体。媵人：这里指服侍的人。汤：热水。沃灌：洗浴。沃，浇水洗（四肢）。灌通“盥”。衾：被子。拥：盖着。而：表承接。乃：才。日再食：每天供应两顿饭。再：两次。寓逆旅：寄居在旅店里。寓，寄居。逆：迎。逆旅，旅店。被绮绣：穿着漂亮的丝绸衣服。被，通“披”，穿着。朱缨：红色的帽带。缨：帽带。腰：腰佩。腰，名词作动词。容臭：香袋。臭，气味，这里指香气。烨然：光彩照人的样子。缊袍敝衣：破旧的衣服。缊，旧絮。敝，破旧。略无慕艳意：毫无羡慕的意思。略无：毫无。慕艳，羡慕。以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也：因为内心有足以快乐的事（指读书），不觉得吃的穿的不如别人。中：内心。口体之奉：指吃的穿的。盖：发语词，用来引领一句话，常是感慨或议论之类的，属语气助词；翻译为“大概”。
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张岱《
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湖心亭看雪》
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宋濂《
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送东阳马生序(节选)》
宋濂简介
唐代·宋濂的简介
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宋濂（1310—1381）字景濂，号潜溪，别号玄真子、玄真道士、玄真遁叟。汉族，浦江（今浙江浦江县）人，元末明初文学家，曾被明太祖朱元璋誉为“开国文臣之首”，学者称太史公。宋濂与高启、刘基并称为“明初诗文三大家”。他因长孙宋慎牵连胡惟庸党案而被流放茂州，途中病死于夔州。他的代表作品有《送东阳马生序》、《朱元璋奉天讨元北伐檄文》等。