《次韵太守向公登楼眺望二首》翻译及注释
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宋代：秦观
茫茫汝水抱城根，野色偷春入烧痕。
译文：茫茫的汝水绕蔡州城北流过，曲如弧形，田野发青，淹没了荒草被烧后留下的痕迹。
注释：太守向公：指向宗回，字子发，时任蔡州太守，有治绩。向有“登楼眺望”诗，此为次其韵而作。一说，向宗回为“郡将”“团练”。汝（rǔ）水抱城根：汝水绕蔡州城北流过，曲如弧形，故蔡州亦称悬瓠城。野色：田野之色。偷春：谓偷春色而先发青。烧痕：指荒草被烧后留下的痕迹。
千点湘妃枝上泪，一声杜宇水边魂。
译文：一千点舜帝的妃子洒在竹枝上的眼泪，一声死后化为杜鹃的杜宇的哀鸣。
注释：湘妃枝上泪：指传说中舜帝的妃子洒在竹枝上的眼泪。杜宇：相传为古蜀帝名，死后其魂魄化为杜鹃，呜声悲苦，啼血乃止。
遥怜鸿隙陂穿路，尚想元和贼负恩。
译文：对鸿隙陂的涨溢为害而感到怜惜，还在想唐宪宗时淮西节度使吴元济据蔡州而反叛的事情。
注释：鸿隙陂：一作鸿池陂、鸿却陂，故址在河南汝南县治东南，跨汝河，容纳淮北诸水，滋润州郡沃土，然亦涨溢为害。穿路：这里指陂水溃溢为害。元和贼：指唐宪宗元和年间淮西节度使吴元济据蔡州而反叛，曾擅改汝水故道，为害百姓，后为李想所讨灭。
粉堞女墙都已尽，恍如陶侃梦天门。
译文：城墙都已经化为灰烬，仿佛东晋大臣陶侃，后来成为了八州都督。
注释：女墙：城墙上呈凹凸形的短墙，也称女儿墙。陶侃：东晋大臣。
庖烟起处认孤村，天色清寒不见痕。
译文：炊烟升起的地方是一个孤立的村庄，天色寒冷，不留一点云的痕迹。
注释：庖烟：指炊烟。
车辋湖边梅溅泪，壶公祠畔月销魂。
译文：车辋湖边的梅花，如溅起的泪水，壶公观畔的月亮也更加销魂。
注释：车辋湖：湖名，因形如车辋而得名。壶公祠：即壶公观。壶公，传说中的仙人。
封疆尽是春秋国，庙食多怀将相恩。
译文：蔡州疆域内多是春秋时的古国之地，蔡州有大量将相的公庙，供人缅怀。
注释：封疆尽是春秋国：意谓蔡州疆域内多是春秋时的古国之地。庙食：蔡州有狄梁公庙，祀狄仁杰；有李太尉庙，祀李想。秦观于蔡州教授任上，曾代州守为文以祭告以上先贤。
试问李斯长叹后，谁牵黄犬出东门。
译文：想问李斯临刑时发出长叹以后，是谁牵着黄狗出东城门。
注释：试问李斯长叹后，谁牵黄犬出东门：李斯为上蔡人，官至秦朝宰相，后遭赵高诬陷，被腰斩于咸阳市中。临刑时，李斯顾谓其中子日：“吾欲与若复牵黄犬，出上蔡东门，逐狡兔，岂可得乎？”
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汪洙《
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勤学》
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汪元亨《
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【正宫】醉太平 警世》
秦观简介
唐代·秦观的简介
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秦观（1049-1100）字太虚，又字少游，别号邗沟居士，世称淮海先生。汉族，北宋高邮（今江苏）人，官至太学博士，国史馆编修。秦观一 生坎坷，所写诗词，高古沉重，寄托身世，感人至深。秦观生前行踪所至之处，多有遗迹。如浙江杭州的秦少游祠，丽水的秦少游塑像、淮海先生祠、莺花亭；青田的秦学士祠；湖南郴州三绝碑；广西横县的海棠亭、醉乡亭、淮海堂、淮海书院等。秦观墓在无锡惠山之北粲山上，墓碑上书“秦龙图墓”几个大字。有秦家村、秦家大院以及省级文物保护单位古文游台。