《哀郢》翻译及注释
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先秦：屈原
皇天之不纯命兮，何百姓之震愆。
译文：天道不专反复无常啊，为何使老百姓在动乱中遭殃？
民离散而相失兮，方仲春而东迁。
译文：人民妻离子散、家破人亡啊，正当仲春二月迁往东方。
去故乡而就远兮，遵江夏以流亡。
译文：离别家乡到远处去啊，沿着长江、夏水到处流亡。
出国门而轸怀兮，甲之朝吾以行。
译文：走出都门我悲痛难舍啊，我们在甲日的早上开始上道。
发郢都而去闾兮，怊荒忽之焉极。
译文：离开旧居，从郢都出发，前途渺茫，我罔然不知何往。
楫齐杨以容与兮，哀见君而不再得。
译文：桨儿齐摇船儿却徘徊不前啊，可怜我再也不能见到君王。
望长楸而太息兮，涕淫淫其若霰。
译文：望见故国高大的楸树，我不禁长叹啊，泪落纷纷象雪粒一样。
过夏首而西浮兮，顾龙门而不见。
译文：经过夏水的发源处又向西浮行啊，回头看郢都东门却不能见其模样。
心婵媛而伤怀兮，眇不知其所蹠。
译文：心绪缠绵牵挂不舍而又无限忧伤啊，渺渺茫茫不知落脚在何方。
顺风波以从流兮，焉洋洋而为客。
译文：顺着风波随着江流漂泊吧，于是乎飘流失所客居他乡。
凌阳侯之泛滥兮，忽翱翔之焉薄。
译文：船儿行驶在滚滚的波浪之上啊，就象鸟儿飞翔却不知停泊在哪个地方。
心絓结而不解兮，思蹇产而不释。
译文：心中郁结苦闷而无法解脱啊，愁肠百结心情难以舒畅。
将运舟而下浮兮，上洞庭而下江。
译文：将行船向下顺流而去啊，过了洞庭湖又进入长江。
去终古之所居兮，今逍遥而来东。
译文：离开自古以来的住所啊，如今漂泊来到东方。
羌灵魂之欲归兮，何须臾而忘反。
译文：我的灵魂时时都想着归去啊，哪会片刻忘记返回故乡？
背夏浦而西思兮，哀故都之日远。
译文：背向夏水边而思念郢都啊，故都日渐遥远真叫人悲伤！
登大坟以远望兮，聊以舒吾忧心。
译文：登上大堤而举目远望啊，姑且以此来舒展一下我忧愁的衷肠。
哀州土之平乐兮，悲江介之遗风。
译文：可叹楚地的土地宽平广博、人民富裕安乐啊，江汉盆地还保持着传统的楚国风尚。
当陵阳之焉至兮，淼南渡之焉如。
译文：面对着凌阳不知到何处去啊？大水茫茫也不知道南渡到何方？
曾不知夏之为丘兮，孰两东门之可芜。
译文：连大厦荒废成丘墟都不曾想到啊，又怎么可以再度让郢都东门荒芜？
心不怡之长久兮，忧与愁其相接。
译文：心中久久不悦啊，忧愁还添惆怅。
惟郢路之辽远兮，江与夏之不可涉。
译文：郢都的路途是那样遥远啊，长江和夏水有舟难航。
忽若去不信兮，至今九年而不复。
译文：时光飞逝的使人难以相信啊（另：神志恍惚地仿佛梦中不可信啊），不能回郢都至今已有九年时光。
惨郁郁而不通兮，蹇侘傺而含戚。
译文：悲惨忧郁心情不得舒畅啊，怅然失意满怀悲伤。
外承欢之汋约兮，谌荏弱而难持。
译文：群小顺承楚王的欢心表面上美好啊，实际上内心虚弱没有坚定操守。
忠湛湛而愿进兮，妒被离而障之。
译文：有人忠心耿耿愿被进用为国效力啊，却遭到众多嫉妒者的障蔽。
尧舜之抗行兮，瞭杳杳而薄天。
译文：唐尧、虞舜具有高尚的品德啊，高远无比可达九天云霄。
众谗人之嫉妒兮，被以不慈之伪名。
译文：而那些谗人们却要心怀妒嫉啊，竟然在他们的头上加以“不慈”的污蔑之名。
憎愠惀之修美兮，好夫人之慷慨。
译文：楚王讨厌那些不善言辞的忠贤之臣啊，却喜欢听那些小人表面上的激昂慷慨。
众踥蹀而日进兮，美超远而逾迈。
译文：小人奔走钻营而日益显进啊，贤臣却越来越被疏远。
乱曰：曼余目以流观兮，冀一反之何时。
译文：尾声：放眼四下观望啊，希望什么时候能返回郢都一趟。
鸟飞反故乡兮，狐死必首丘。
译文：鸟儿高飞终要返回旧巢啊，狐狸死时头一定向着狐穴所在的方向。
信非吾罪而弃逐兮，何日夜而忘之。
译文：确实不是我的罪过却遭放逐啊，日日夜夜我哪里能忘记它我的故乡！
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王维《
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饭覆釜山僧》
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杜甫《
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恨别》
屈原简介
唐代·屈原的简介
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屈原（约公元前340-前278），中国古代伟大的爱国诗人。汉族，出生于楚国丹阳，名平，字原。战国时期楚国贵族出身，任三闾大夫、左徒,兼管内政外交大事。公元前278年秦将白起一举攻破楚国首都郢都。忧国忧民的屈原在长沙附近汩罗江怀石自杀，端午节据说就是他的忌日。他写下许多不朽诗篇，成为中国古代浪漫主义诗歌的奠基者，在楚国民歌的基础上创造了新的诗歌体裁楚辞。他创造的“楚辞”文体在中国文学史上独树一帜，与《诗经》并称“风骚”二体，对后世诗歌创作产生积极影响。