《咏三良》翻译及注释
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唐代：柳宗元
束带值明后，顾盼流辉光。
译文：衣冠整洁的三良正遇上明君秦穆公，他们才高志大，一顾一盼都光彩四射。
注释：明后：明君，谓秦穆公。
一心在陈力，鼎列夸四方。
译文：他们竭尽全力辅助朝政，使秦国与列国鼎足而立，受到四方称颂。
款款效忠信，恩义皎如霜。
译文：三良效忠穆公恳切殷勤忠诚不二，君臣间恩礼情义就像秋霜般洁净。
生时亮同体，死没宁分张。
译文：穆公在生时同三良就像一个人一样，死了也不肯同三良分身。
壮躯闭幽隧，猛志填黄肠。
译文：壮士之躯埋闭在幽深墓道，勇猛之志只得填充在棺木中。
注释：幽隧：墓道。黄肠：苏林曰：以柏木黄心致累棺外，故曰黄肠，指棺木。
殉死礼所非，况乃用其良。
译文：人死陪葬不是礼义之举，况且还是用他的忠信良臣！
霸基弊不振，晋楚更张皇。
译文：霸主的基业于是乎衰败不振，而晋楚的国势趁此壮大兴隆。
注释：张皇：张大、扩大。
疾病命固乱，魏氏言有章。
译文：魏武帝之子之所以不从父命，以人为殉，是认识到父亲被疾病搞迷乱了，遗命不需要遵从。
从邪陷厥父，吾欲讨彼狂。
译文：康公遵从非礼的殉葬作法，陷入父皇陷阱，我想揭竿而起讨伐那昏庸的秦康公。
注释：从邪：指殉葬之作法。彼狂：指秦穆公子康公。
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陆龟蒙《
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吴宫怀古》
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杜牧《
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题武关》
柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
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柳宗元（773年－819年），字子厚，唐代河东（今山西运城）人，杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家，唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章，经后人辑为三十卷，名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人，人称柳河东，又因终于柳州刺史任上，又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物，并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上，其诗、文成就均极为杰出，可谓一时难分轩轾。