《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》翻译及注释
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宋代：辛弃疾
千古江山，英雄无觅，孙仲谋处。舞榭歌台，风流总被雨打风吹去。斜阳草树，寻常巷陌，人道寄奴曾住。想当年，金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎。
译文：历经千古的江山，再也难找到像孙权那样的英雄。当年的舞榭歌台还在，英雄人物却随着岁月的流逝早已不复存在。斜阳照着长满草树的普通小巷，人们说那是当年刘裕曾经住过的地方。回想当年，他领军北伐、收复失地的时候是何等威猛！
注释：孙仲谋：三国时的吴王孙权，字仲谋，曾建都京口。舞榭歌台：演出歌舞的台榭，这里代指孙权故宫。榭，建在高台上的房子。寻常巷陌：极窄狭的街道。寻常，古代指长度，八尺为寻，倍寻为常，形容窄狭。引伸为普通、平常。巷、陌，这里都指街道。寄奴：南朝宋武帝刘裕小名。“想当年”三句：刘裕曾两次领兵北伐，收复洛阳、长安等地。
元嘉草草，封狼居胥，赢得仓皇北顾。四十三年，望中犹记，烽火扬州路。可堪回首，佛狸祠下，一片神鸦社鼓。凭谁问，廉颇老矣，尚能饭否？
译文：然而刘裕的儿子刘义隆好大喜功，仓促北伐，却反而让北魏太武帝拓跋焘乘机挥师南下，兵抵长江北岸而返，遭到对手的重创。我回到南方已经有四十三年了，看着原仍然记得扬州一带烽火连天的战乱场景。怎么能回首啊，当年拓跋焘的行宫外竟有百姓在那里祭祀，乌鸦啄食祭品，人们过着社日，只把他当作一位神祇来供奉，而不知道这里曾是一个皇帝的行宫。还有谁会问，廉颇老了，饭量还好吗？
注释：元嘉：刘裕子刘义隆年号。草草：轻率。南朝宋（不是南宋）刘义隆好大喜功，仓促北伐，却反而让北魏主拓跋焘抓住机会，以骑兵集团南下，兵抵长江北岸而返，遭到对手的重创。封狼居胥：公元前119年（汉武帝元狩四年）霍去病远征匈奴，歼敌七万余，封狼居胥山而还。狼居胥山，在今蒙古境内。赢得：剩得，落得。烽火扬州路：指当年扬州路上，到处是金兵南侵的战火烽烟。佛狸祠：北魏太武帝拓跋焘小名佛狸。公元450年，他曾反击刘宋，两个月的时间里，兵锋南下，五路远征军分道并进，从黄河北岸一路穿插到长江北岸。在长江北岸瓜步山建立行宫，即后来的佛狸祠。神鸦：指在庙里吃祭品的乌鸦。社鼓：祭祀时的鼓声。廉颇：战国时赵国名将。
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辛弃疾《
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永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》
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张孝祥《
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水调歌头·和庞佑父》
辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾（1140－1207），南宋词人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，别号稼轩，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。出生时，中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军，不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》，条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情，倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤，对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责；也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词，风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合，后被弹劾落职，退隐江西带湖。