《梅圣俞诗集序》翻译及注释
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宋代：欧阳修
予闻世谓诗人少达而多穷，夫岂然哉？盖世所传诗者，多出于古穷人之辞也。凡士之蕴其所有，而不得施于世者，多喜自放于山巅水涯之外，见虫鱼草木风云鸟兽之状类，往往探其奇怪，内有忧思感愤之郁积，其兴于怨刺，以道羁臣寡妇之所叹，而写人情之难言。盖愈穷则愈工。然则非诗之能穷人，殆穷者而后工也。
译文： 我听到世人常说：诗人仕途畅达的少，困厄的多。难道真是这样吗？大概是由于世上所流传的诗歌，多出于古代困厄之士的笔下吧。大凡胸藏才智而又不能充分施展于世的士人，大都喜爱到山头水边去放浪形骸，看见虫鱼草木风云鸟兽等事物，往往探究它们的奇特怪异之处，内心有着忧愁感慨愤激的郁积，这些情感化为诗兴，即寄托在怨恨讽刺之中，道出了逐臣寡妇的慨叹，而写出了人所难于言传的感受来。大概越困厄就越能写得工巧。如此说来，并非写诗使人穷困潦倒，大概是穷困潦倒后才能写出好诗来。
予友梅圣俞，少以荫补为吏，累举进士，辄抑于有司，困于州县，凡十余年。年今五十，犹从辟书，为人之佐，郁其所蓄，不得奋见于事业。其家宛陵，幼习于诗，自为童子，出语已惊其长老。既长，学乎六经仁义之说，其为文章，简古纯粹，不求苟说于世。世之人徒知其诗而已。然时无贤愚，语诗者必求之圣俞；圣俞亦自以其不得志者，乐于诗而发之，故其平生所作，于诗尤多。世既知之矣，而未有荐于上者。昔王文康公尝见而叹曰：“二百年无此作矣！”虽知之深，亦不果荐也。若使其幸得用于朝廷，作为雅、颂，以歌咏大宋之功德，荐之清庙，而追商、周、鲁颂之作者，岂不伟欤！奈何使其老不得志，而为穷者之诗，乃徒发于虫鱼物类，羁愁感叹之言。世徒喜其工，不知其穷之久而将老也！可不惜哉！
译文： 我的朋友梅圣俞，年轻时由于荫袭补为下级官吏，屡次考进士，总是遭到主考部门的压制，在地方上困厄了十多年。年已五十了，还要靠别人下聘书，去当人家的办事员。郁积着自己的才能智慧，不能在事业上充分地表现出来。他家乡在宛陵，幼年时就学习诗歌，从他还是个孩童时起，写出诗句来就已使得父老长辈惊异了。等到长大，学习了六经仁义的学问，他写出的文章简古纯正，不希求苟且取悦于世人，因此世人只知道他会写诗罢了。然而当时人不论贤愚，谈论诗歌必然会向圣俞请教。圣俞也把自己不得志的地方，喜欢通过诗歌来发泄，因此他平时所写的东西，其中诗歌就特别多。社会上已经知道他了，却没有人向朝廷推荐他。从前王文康公曾看到他的诗作，慨叹地说：“二百年没有这样的作品了！”虽然对他了解很深，可还是没有加以推荐。假使他有幸得到朝廷的任用，写出如《诗经》中雅、颂那样的作品，来歌颂大宋的功业恩德，献给宗庙，使他类似于商颂、周颂、鲁颂等作者，难道不是很壮伟的吗？可惜他到老也不得志，只能写困厄者的诗歌，白白地在虫鱼之类上抒发穷苦愁闷的感叹。社会上只喜爱他诗歌的工巧，却不知道他困厄已久将要老死了，这难道不值得叹息吗？
圣俞诗既多，不自收拾。其妻之兄子谢景初，惧其多而易失也，取其自洛阳至于吴兴以来所作，次为十卷。予尝嗜圣俞诗，而患不能尽得之，遽喜谢氏之能类次也，辄序而藏之。
译文： 圣俞的诗很多，自己却不收拾整理。他的内侄谢景初担心它太多容易散失，选取他从洛阳到吴兴这段时间的作品，编为十卷。我曾经酷爱圣俞的诗作，担心不能全部得到它，十分高兴谢氏能为它分类编排，就为之作序并保存起来。
其后十五年，圣俞以疾卒于京师，余既哭而铭之，因索于其家，得其遗稿千余篇，并旧所藏，掇其尤者六百七十七篇，为一十五卷。呜呼！吾于圣俞诗论之详矣，故不复云。
译文： 从那以后过了十五年，圣俞因病在京师去世，我已痛哭着为他写好了墓志铭，便向他家索求，得到他的遗稿一千多篇，连同先前所保存的，选取其中特别好的共六百七十七篇，分为十五卷。啊，我对圣俞的诗歌已经评论得很多了，所以不再重复。
庐陵欧阳修序。
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柳宗元《
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小石城山记》
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柳宗元《
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钴鉧潭西小丘记》
欧阳修简介
唐代·欧阳修的简介
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欧阳修（1007－1072），字永叔，号醉翁，晚号“六一居士”。汉族，吉州永丰（今江西省永丰县）人，因吉州原属庐陵郡，以“庐陵欧阳修”自居。谥号文忠，世称欧阳文忠公。北宋政治家、文学家、史学家，与韩愈、柳宗元、王安石、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。后人又将其与韩愈、柳宗元和苏轼合称“千古文章四大家”。